Random Access on Unlicensed Spectrum via Beacon Frame Selection
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Solution Overview
Problem
In the 5G New Radio (NR) system, terminals face challenges in initiating random access in unlicensed frequency bands due to fierce contention, leading to unsuccessful random access attempts due to high channel congestion in unlicensed frequency bands.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that acquire beacon frames from Wireless Local Area Network Access Points (WLAN APs) operating on multiple random access available frequency bands, select a frequency band with the lowest channel congestion level for random access based on channel indication information, and initiate random access in that band, with the option to switch to another band if the initial attempt fails.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the terminal performs LBT process and initiates random access in unlicensed frequency band, then the terminal can access the unlicensed band for information transmission, but the random access may fail due to fierce contention and high channel congestion
Solution Approach 1:
The terminal segments the random access process by first performing LBT detection to assess channel congestion, then selecting from multiple available unlicensed frequency bands based on detected congestion levels. This segmentation allows the terminal to avoid highly congested bands and choose more suitable bands for random access, thereby improving success rate while managing the harmful effect of channel congestion.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the terminal competes with other terminals for unlicensed frequency band using LBT mechanism, then the terminal can occupy the band when contention is successful, but the terminal cannot initiate random access when competition fails continuously
Solution Approach 1:
The terminal dynamically adapts its random access strategy by monitoring channel congestion levels and switching between different unlicensed frequency bands based on real-time conditions. When contention fails on one band, the terminal can dynamically switch to another band with lower congestion, maintaining adaptability while ensuring continued random access capability despite competitive pressure from other terminals.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus for random access on an unlicensed spectrum, and a storage medium involve: a terminal acquiring a beacon frame sent by a WLAN AP working on n available spectrums for random access, n being a positive integer; the terminal selecting, according to channel indication information included in the beacon frame, a first available spectrum for random access from among the n available spectrums for random access; and the terminal initiating random access on the first available spectrum for random access.