Rat Race Coupler Antenna Pair Self-Interference Cancellation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Full duplex radio (FDR) systems face significant challenges in canceling self-interference signals due to intra-device self-interference, which affects communication efficiency and increases power consumption, especially when using circulators that fail to effectively isolate transmission and reception paths.
Innovation Solution
The use of rat race couplers and strategically arranged antenna pairs, where each antenna pair is connected in a specific configuration to minimize self-interference by ensuring equal phase differences and distances, allowing for effective passive self-interference cancellation without the need for circulators, thereby enhancing MIMO system performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If circulators are used to isolate transmission and reception paths, then self-interference isolation is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the circulator component from the system by using an alternative approach: pairing antennas with rat-race couplers to achieve self-interference cancellation without requiring circulators, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining isolation performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a copied version of the transmission path through the rat-race coupler configuration, where the coupled signal path replicates the direct path characteristics, allowing for destructive interference cancellation of self-interference signals
2Object-affected harmful factors
If antenna pairs are connected with rat race couplers at constant intervals, then self-interference cancellation performance is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies constant interval distances between antenna pairs (e.g., λ/4 or λ/2) as fixed design parameters, transforming the complex problem of achieving cancellation across variable configurations into a standardized parameter set that simplifies manufacturing while maintaining performance
3Productivity
If multiple antenna pairs are used to enhance MIMO performance, then frequency usage efficiency is improved, but cross-talk interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the multiple antenna pairs into independent cancellation units, each with its own rat-race coupler configuration, allowing cross-talk between antennas to be cancelled independently rather than as a collective interference problem
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful cross-talk signals between antenna pairs into beneficial cancellation opportunities by using the rat-race couplers to create destructive interference patterns that eliminate cross-talk, thereby enabling higher frequency reuse
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly improves self-interference cancellation performance, reduces power consumption, and increases frequency usage efficiency by eliminating unavailable communication regions and cross-talk interference, enabling more effective full duplex communication with multiple antennas.
Implementation Method 1
The use of rat race couplers and strategically arranged antenna pairs, where each antenna pair is connected in a specific configuration to minimize self-interference by ensuring equal phase differences and distances
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for removing a magnetic interference signal according to a use of a full duplex radio (FDR) scheme comprises a plurality of Rat race couplers; and a plurality of antenna pairs in which two antennas are paired, wherein each of the plurality of antenna pairs are disposed at equal intervals from each other, a first output port between two output ports of a first Rat race coupler from among the plurality of Rat race couplers is connected to a first antenna of a first antenna pair and a second output port is connected to a second antenna of the first antenna pair, a third output port between two output ports of a second Rat race coupler from among the plurality of Rat race couplers is connected to a third antenna of a second antenna pair, and a fourth output port is connected to a fourth antenna of the second antenna pair.