Razor Blade Manufacturing via Intergranular Cleavage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing manufacturing processes for razor blades face challenges in efficiently creating weakened areas, which limits the use of softer and thinner materials and requires additional steps like rolling or thermal energy, affecting the separation and attachment of razor blade components.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a progressive perforation tool to bend and flatten an elongated stainless steel strip, creating intergranular cleavage and grain boundary oxidation for fracture initiation sites, allowing for the separation and attachment of razor blades with a weakened portion without additional process steps.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If rolling apparatus is used to create offset between blade portions, then weakened portion is formed, but additional process steps and device complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of separationVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the bending and flattening operations into a single integrated rolling apparatus that performs both functions simultaneously during one pass through the material, eliminating the need for separate rolling steps and reducing overall process complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The bending operation is performed preliminarily before the flattening operation, creating the offset that will become the weakened portion, and then the flattening operation completes the formation of the fracture initiation site in a predetermined sequence within the same apparatus

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Ease of manufacture

If laser thermal energy is used to create groove in strip, then weakened portion is formed, but energy consumption and process complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of separationVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the thermal energy-based laser grooving process with a mechanical rolling apparatus that uses controlled bending and flattening forces to create the same weakened portion, substituting mechanical action for thermal energy and significantly reducing energy consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter used to create the weakened portion from thermal energy (laser) to mechanical stress (bending and flattening), achieving the same functional result through a different physical mechanism that is more energy-efficient

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Length of moving object

If strip thickness is reduced for thinner blades, then blade flexibility improves, but separation difficulty increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblade thicknessVSAvoidease of separation
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating a concentrated weakened portion with fracture initiation sites at a specific location in the strip, while the rest of the blade maintains its required thickness and strength, allowing thin blades to be separated easily at the predetermined location without compromising overall blade integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the blade into a body portion and a removable portion separated by a weakened portion, allowing the thinner blade material to be effectively divided into functional segments that can be easily separated at the weakened portion while maintaining adequate thickness in the cutting portions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the use of softer and thinner blade materials, simplifies the manufacturing process, and facilitates the separation and attachment of razor blade components, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of razor blade production.

Implementation Method 1

The bending and the flattening operations cause intergranular cleavage at the irregularity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIntergranular cleavage: Fracture Mechanics

Implementation Method 2

the hardening process causes grain boundary oxidation in the vicinity of the cleaved (exposed) grain boundaries to create a fracture initiation site

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGrain boundary oxidation: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP2203282B1Method of manufacturing razor blades
Publication Date: 2011.11.23 EVEREADY BATTERY CO INC
  • EP2203282B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2203282B1 patent drawingFigure 3~3A
  • EP2203282B1 patent drawingFigure 4A~4B

AI summary

An elongated flat strip of stainless steel material for use in manufacturing razor blades is provided with an elongated weakened portion. A cutting edge is subsequently provided along one elongated edge of the strip. The weakened portion is between the cutting edge and an opposed edge. A blade portion is between the cutting edge and the weakened portion and a removable portion is between the weakened portion and the opposed edge. The weakened portion is provided by a) bending and flattening a portion of the strip in a progressive perforation tool to cause localized intergranular cleavage, and b) hardening the strip to oxidize the exposed (cleaved) grain boundaries.