RBS Power Supply Coordination for Fast Grid Frequency Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing frequency containment reserve (FCR) systems in power networks face challenges with high latency in responding to frequency deviations, particularly with the integration of renewable energy sources, leading to potential power outages due to insufficient frequency stabilization.
Innovation Solution
Utilizing radio base stations (RBSs) with battery backup facilities to implement low-latency frequency balancing by detecting grid frequency deviations and deactivating power supply units (PSUs) across different FCR zones through existing interfaces like X2 and SCADA, enabling rapid adjustments via radio schedulers and machine learning for synchronized FCR control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional FCR systems are used for frequency stabilization, then frequency control is maintained, but latency requirements for fast frequency control cannot be met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces radio base stations as intermediary devices that measure grid frequency and communicate deviations to PSUs via radio interfaces. This intermediary measurement system enables faster detection and response to frequency deviations compared to traditional direct PSU-to-grid control, reducing latency while maintaining reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional electrical/mechanical frequency control systems with a radio-based communication system. PSUs receive frequency deviation information via radio signals from base stations, enabling faster information transfer and control response compared to conventional electrical signaling methods
2Reliability
If new power generators are built for frequency balancing, then frequency control capability is improved, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables existing radio base stations to serve dual purposes: their original communication function and a new function as frequency measurement and control nodes. This multi-functionality allows the system to gain frequency control capability without adding dedicated power generation infrastructure, reducing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes already-deployed radio base stations and their existing measurement capabilities to provide frequency balancing services. Instead of requiring new specialized infrastructure, the system makes existing assets serve the additional function of frequency monitoring and control signaling
3Ease of operation
If frequency measurement is performed downstream of PFC unit, then measurement is simpler, but latency in detecting frequency deviations increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs frequency measurement upstream of the power factor correction unit, before the PFC process can introduce delays or distortions. This preliminary measurement approach ensures that frequency deviations are detected as early as possible, reducing detection latency while the measurement remains straightforward
Data Source
AI summary
A method for providing frequency balancing in a power network grid by an RBS of a radio communication network. The RBS includes one or more power supply units, PSUs, connected to the power network grid. The method includes detecting a deviation of a power network grid frequency measured in a PSU of the one or more PSUs, the power network grid frequency is measured upstream of a power factor correction, PFC, unit of the PSU, deactivating the one or more PSU in response to the detected deviation, determining one or more further PSU to be deactivated based on the detected deviation, the RBS is in a first frequency containment reserve, FCR, zone and the one or more further PSU are in a second FCR zone, other than the first FCR zone, and sending a deactivation indication to the determined one or more further PSU.