Residual Current Device Test Circuit Voltage-Independent Regulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) face challenges in maintaining functional reliability due to aging processes affecting magnetic properties, leading to increased fault currents, and conventional test devices generate simulated currents that may not accurately reflect real fault conditions, especially with mains voltage fluctuations, posing safety risks.

Innovation Solution

A RCCB with a test circuit that generates a precisely defined, constant test fault current independently of mains voltage, ensuring the device trips at the intended rated fault current, using a control circuit with a field effect transistor and a full-wave rectifier to regulate the test current, and a summation current transformer with a secondary winding for reliable detection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional test devices generate simulated test residual current, then the test function is provided, but the test current is significantly higher than the rated residual current and depends on mains voltage, leading to inaccurate testing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefunctional reliabilityVSAvoidtest current accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameters of the test circuit by introducing a control circuit that actively regulates the test current magnitude. The control circuit adjusts the test current parameters (amplitude, waveform) to match the rated residual current values, transforming the test device from generating arbitrary high currents to generating precise rated currents independent of mains voltage fluctuations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The control circuit implements feedback mechanisms to monitor and adjust the test current in real-time. By detecting the actual current levels and comparing them with the desired rated values, the control circuit dynamically adjusts the test current generation to maintain accuracy regardless of mains voltage variations, ensuring precise testing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Device complexity

If test current depends on mains voltage, then the test device is simple, but the test results are unpredictable due to voltage fluctuations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetest circuit complexityVSAvoidtest result reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit acts as an intermediary between the mains voltage source and the test current generation. It decouples the test current from direct dependence on mains voltage by introducing an active regulation layer that converts fluctuating mains voltage into stable, predetermined test current levels, thereby ensuring reliable test results.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The control circuit performs preliminary actions by pre-setting the test current parameters to match the rated residual current values before actual testing occurs. This preliminary configuration ensures that regardless of subsequent mains voltage fluctuations, the test current remains at the correct predetermined level for accurate testing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures precise functional reliability testing of RCCBs, independent of mains voltage, ensuring they trip correctly at the rated fault current, enhancing safety and reliability by maintaining a constant test fault current.

Implementation Method 1

a summation current transformer (18), through which at least a first conductor (N) and a second conductor (L1) of an electrical network to be protected are routed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

using a control circuit with a field effect transistor and a full-wave rectifier to regulate the test current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectField effect transistor operation:

Implementation Method 3

using a control circuit with a field effect transistor and a full-wave rectifier to regulate the test current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRectification:

Data Source

PatentEP2559127B1Residual current device
Publication Date: 2015.04.15 EATON IND (AUSTRIA) GMBH
  • EP2559127B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

In the case of a residual current device (1) having a test circuit (2) for production of a fault test current, which test circuit (2) has at least one first test resistor (3) and a test button (4), it is proposed for accurate checking of the serviceability, in particular independently of the mains voltage, that the test circuit (2) has a control circuit (5), and that the control circuit (5) be designed such that a fault test current which is produced by the test circuit (2) - essentially independently of the applied voltage from an electrical mains system to be protected - has a predetermined and essentially constant value.