Radio Direction-Finding System Antenna Array Segmentation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current radio direction-finding systems are expensive, power-intensive, and require extensive hardware due to their complexity, limiting their practicality and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A radio direction-finding system comprising multiple antenna arrays positioned to cover 360 degrees, with each array connected to dedicated RF receive paths and common paths, allowing for combined signal processing to reduce hardware requirements and improve direction-finding accuracy through amplitude-based coarse determination and interferometry.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If extensive hardware and processing resources are used in RDF systems, then direction-finding precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedirection-finding precisionVSAvoidhardware complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments the direction-finding function into two distinct stages: coarse determination using amplitude comparison and fine determination using phase/interferometry. This segmentation allows each stage to use optimized hardware appropriate to its specific function, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically selects between different processing modes (coarse vs. fine determination) based on the specific operational requirements. The dual-path architecture allows the system to activate only the necessary processing chain, reducing real-time computational burden and hardware resource requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If extensive hardware and processing resources are used in RDF systems, then direction-finding precision is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedirection-finding precisionVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The power consumption is segmented and optimized for each processing stage. The coarse determination stage uses simple amplitude comparison with low power requirements, while the fine determination stage uses phase/interferometry methods only when higher precision is needed, thus reducing overall power consumption compared to systems that continuously use high-precision processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial processing (coarse determination) for most operational cases and reserves full precision processing (fine determination) only for cases requiring higher accuracy. This partial action approach significantly reduces average power consumption while maintaining sufficient precision for the majority of applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Measurement precision

If multiple antenna arrays with dedicated RF receive paths are used, then direction-finding accuracy is improved, but hardware requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedirection-finding accuracyVSAvoidhardware quantity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The antenna arrays and RF receive paths are designed to serve multiple functions: they support both coarse amplitude-based determination and fine phase/interferometry-based determination. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate dedicated hardware for each determination stage, reducing overall hardware quantity while maintaining high accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system merges the coarse and fine determination functions into a unified architecture where the same antenna arrays and RF receive paths serve both purposes. The processing chains are integrated rather than duplicated, reducing hardware quantity through functional consolidation while achieving high direction-finding accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves precise direction-finding with reduced hardware and power consumption, enhancing efficiency and cost-effectiveness by combining signals from multiple antennas for both coarse and fine direction determinations.

Implementation Method 1

an antenna and receiver system, the antenna and receiver system comprising: a first antenna array comprising a first plurality of antennas facing a first direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

one or more common RF receive paths, each common RF receive path of the common RF receive paths being connected to a distinct pair of substantially oppositely-positioned antennas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInterference: Interference

Data Source

PatentEP4158371B1Radio direction-finding system and methods
Publication Date: 2024.09.11 ELBIT SYST EW & SIGINT ELISRA
  • EP4158371B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4158371B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4158371B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A radio-direction finding system (RDFS) comprises: at least one pair of substantially oppositely-positioned antenna arrays, each including directional antennas comprising at least one main antenna and one or more summation antennas; a plurality of individual radio- frequency (RF) receive paths, each of which are connected to a distinct main antenna only; and one or more common RF receive paths, each connected to a distinct pair of substantially oppositely-positioned summation antennas. The RDFS can analyze main output signals that are received from the individual RF receive paths to provide a coarse determination of a given direction from which a transmitting entity is transmitting radio signals, and provide a fine determination of the given direction utilizing one or more common output signals, received from one or more common RF receive paths, and a selected main output signal, the common output signals and the selected main output signal being associated with the coarse determination.