Reactive Dye Composition for Higher Fixing Yield and Wash-Off
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current reactive dyes for textile fiber materials lack sufficient substantivity, ease of washing off unfixed dye, color yield, and high fixing properties, which are essential for achieving high-quality dyeings with good fastness properties.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel reactive dyes with specific molecular structures and a process for their preparation, involving diazotization and coupling reactions, to create dyes with improved substantivity, fixing yields, and fiber-dye bond stability, along with a process for forming dye mixtures that enhance washing off unfixed dye and provide excellent fastness properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional reactive dyes are used, then the dyeing process can be performed, but the substantivity and fixing yield are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the molecular structure of reactive dyes by introducing specific substituents (halogen atoms at positions 2 and 6 of the triazine ring, and particular aromatic amine groups) to change the chemical parameters of the dye molecule. These structural parameter changes enhance both substantivity and fixing yield simultaneously, resolving the contradiction between reliability and productivity in the dyeing process.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite dye molecules combining a triazine reactive group with specific aromatic amine substituents (such as 2,6-dichloro-4-[(4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl)amino]-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine). This composite molecular structure integrates multiple functional groups that work synergistically to improve both substantivity and fixing yield, overcoming the limitations of conventional single-function reactive dyes.
2Quantity of substance
If conventional reactive dyes are used, then color yield can be achieved, but ease of washing off unfixed dye is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces specific local structural features into the dye molecule, such as halogen substituents at particular positions and specific aromatic amine groups, that create localized differences in dye-fiber interaction. These local structural modifications allow the dye to exhibit high affinity for fiber (good color yield) while maintaining different solubility characteristics that facilitate washing off of unfixed dye, thus resolving the contradiction between quantity of substance and ease of operation.
3Reliability
If conventional reactive dyes are used, then the dyeing process can proceed, but fiber-dye bond stability is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs preliminary structural design of the dye molecule, pre-installing specific functional groups (triazine reactive groups with particular substituents) that are predisposed to form stable covalent bonds with fiber. This preliminary action in molecular design ensures that when the dyeing process occurs, the fiber-dye bond forms with optimal stability, and the pre-configured molecular structure also provides inherent resistance to light and wet conditions, resolving the contradiction between bond stability and fastness properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new reactive dyes exhibit high reactivity, excellent fixing capacity, and high tinctorial strength with good light and wet-fastness properties, allowing for efficient dyeing and printing with minimal soaping loss, especially suitable for cotton and wool fibers.
Implementation Method 1
The diazotisation of the amines of formulae (6) and (9) is carried out in a manner known per se, for example using a nitrite, for example an alkali metal nitrite such as sodium nitrite, in a mineral acid medium, for example in a hydrochloric acid medium
Implementation Method 2
coupling reaction with approximately one molar equivalent of a compound of the formula (7) to form a compound of formula (8a)
Data Source
AI summary
Reactive dyes of formula (1), wherein R1 and R2 are each independently of the other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C1-C4alkyl, one of the radicals D1 and D2 is a radical of the formula (2), the other one of the radicals D1 and D2 is a radical of the formula (3a), or (3b), wherein (R3)n denotes n identical or different substituents selected from the group C1-C4alkyl, C1- C4alkoxy and sulfo, Z1 is a radical of the formula -SO2-Y (4a), -CONH-(CH2)p-SO2-Y (4b), -NH-CO-CH(Hal)-CH2-Hal (4c), -NH-CO-C(Hal)=CH2 (4d),or (4e), wherein X1 is halogen, T1 independently has the definition of X1, is a non-fibre-reactive substituent or is a fibre- reactive radical of the formula (5a), -NH-(CH2)2-3-SO2-Y (5b), or -NH-(CH2)2-3-O-(CH2)2-3-SO2-Y (5c), R4 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C1-C4alkyl, (R5)0-2 denotes from 0 to 2 identical or different substituents from the group C1-C4alkyl, C1- C4alkoxy and sulfo, Hal is halogen, Y is vinyl or a -CH2-CH2-U radical and U is a group that is removable under alkaline conditions, k is the number 0, 1 or 2, m is the number 2, 3 or 4, n is the number 0, 1 or 2, and p is the number 2, 3 or 4, are suitable for dyeing cellulosic or amide-group-containing fibre materials.