Reagent Kit for Blood Cell Analysis Using Surfactant Lysis
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for analyzing blood cells, particularly basophils and nucleated erythrocytes, face challenges in accurate discrimination and counting, especially in samples that have aged, leading to potential false positives and increased complexity and cost due to the need for multiple specific treatments.
Innovation Solution
A reagent kit containing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, and an aromatic carboxylic acid, combined with a fluorescent dye, is used to lyse erythrocytes and stain nucleic acids, allowing for clearer discrimination and counting of basophils and nucleated erythrocytes based on scattered light and fluorescent information.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple specific treatments are applied to discriminate basophils and nucleated erythrocytes, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and measurement time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple treatment functions into a single reagent composition that contains both surfactant and acidic components. This unified reagent simultaneously performs erythrocyte lysis, basophil membrane damage, and nucleated erythrocyte preservation, eliminating the need for separate treatment steps and reducing apparatus complexity while maintaining measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The reagent composition is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it lyses erythrocytes, damages basophil membranes to allow dye penetration, preserves nucleated erythrocyte integrity, and enables fluorescent staining. This multi-functional approach replaces multiple specialized treatments with a single universal reagent system
2Measurement precision
If multiple specific treatments are applied to discriminate basophils and nucleated erythrocytes, then measurement precision is improved, but measurement time increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple treatment steps are merged into a single simultaneous treatment process using the composite reagent. The surfactant and acidic components work together in one application to achieve erythrocyte lysis, basophil membrane damage, and nucleated erythrocyte preservation, dramatically reducing the time required while maintaining discrimination precision
Solution Approach 2:
The reagent is designed to perform all necessary preparatory actions simultaneously upon contact with the blood sample: erythrocyte lysis, membrane damage to target cells, and staining preparation. This preliminary multi-action approach eliminates sequential processing time while ensuring precise discrimination
3Measurement precision
If multiple reagents are used for specific blood cell treatments, then measurement precision is improved, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple expensive specialized reagents are merged into a single cost-effective composite reagent formulation. The combination of surfactant and acidic components achieves the same discrimination precision as multiple separate treatments but at lower overall cost, making the analysis more economically viable
Solution Approach 2:
A single universal reagent composition performs all necessary treatment functions that previously required multiple specialized reagents. This multi-functional reagent reduces the total quantity of substances needed and lowers the overall cost while maintaining the precision required for accurate basophil and nucleated erythrocyte measurement
4Productivity
If basophils are measured together with five-species leukocyte classification, then productivity is improved, but measurement precision of basophils decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The reagent creates different local conditions for different cell types simultaneously: the surfactant and acidic environment selectively damages basophil membranes while preserving nucleated erythrocyte integrity. This localized differential effect enables both high-speed simultaneous measurement and precise discrimination by allowing the detection system to distinguish cell types based on their differential responses to the same treatment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables precise discrimination and counting of nucleated erythrocytes and basophils even in aged blood samples, reducing the need for multiple treatments and improving diagnostic accuracy while simplifying the measurement process.
Implementation Method 1
a first reagent containing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an aromatic carboxylic acid, which can lyse erythrocytes and damage a cell membrane of leukocytes so that a fluorescent dye can permeate therethrough
Implementation Method 2
a second reagent containing the fluorescent dye capable of staining nucleic acid
Implementation Method 3
applying light to the stained cells to obtain scattered light information and fluorescent information
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a reagent kit for analyzing a sample comprising a first reagent containing a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an aromatic carboxylic acid and a second reagent containing a fluorescent dye capable of staining nucleic acid, and a method for analyzing a sample using the kit.