Real-Time Electrical Circuit Simulator With Open-State Controller

The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the switching behavior representation in the simulation model. Specifically, it changes the mathematical parameters used to describe switch transitions from ideal instantaneous switching to modeled transitions with finite duration, and adjusts the equivalent circuit parameters (resistance, inductance, capacitance) to reflect real-world switch characteristics during different states. This resolves the contradiction by allowing high-speed simulation while maintaining fidelity through physically accurate parameter representation.

The patent introduces an intermediary equivalent circuit model that mediates between the ideal switch control signals and the actual circuit behavior. This equivalent circuit, comprising switching elements with modeled transitions and state-dependent parameters, acts as a buffer that smooths out the discontinuities causing spurious oscillations while preserving the essential dynamic behavior. The intermediary model enables both high simulation speed and accurate fidelity representation.

The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from static ideal switch models to dynamic switch models that account for finite transition durations. The switch behavior is modeled as a time-varying process with explicit rise and fall times, capturing the dynamic characteristics of real power semiconductor switches. This dynamic modeling approach maintains switching accuracy while reducing computational complexity by using analytically solvable differential equations rather than requiring complex numerical methods for ideal instantaneous switching.

The patent employs simplified equivalent circuit representations that capture essential switch behavior without requiring complex detailed models. The equivalent circuit uses simplified switching elements with approximate but sufficient accuracy for most applications, trading minor precision for significant computational efficiency. This approach provides 'good enough' accuracy for control validation while enabling real-time simulation speeds.

The patent maintains real-time simulation capability through parameter changes that simplify the mathematical representation of switch transitions. By using piecewise-linear approximations and closed-form solutions for the differential equations governing switch behavior, the model captures finite transition times without requiring complex numerical integration. The parameters are changed to enable analytical solutions that run at real-time speeds while still representing dynamic behavior accurately.

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the switch transition process into distinct phases (on-state, transition, off-state) with simplified models for each phase. This segmentation allows the use of different approximations for different parts of the switching cycle, maintaining accuracy where needed while simplifying computation during steady states. The segmented approach enables real-time simulation by reducing the overall computational burden through localized simplifications.