Recessed Gradient Corrector for Cyclotron Beam Focusing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Isochronous sector-focused cyclotrons face challenges in efficiently and cost-effectively achieving precise focusing and control of extracted particle beams due to the limitations of protruding gradient correctors, which increase cyclotron weight, require more energy for vacuum pumping, and are difficult to position accurately.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a magnet pole with recessed gradient correctors, featuring a concave portion on the upper peripheral edge of hill sectors, reducing the size and weight of the cyclotron while allowing precise positioning and improved magnetic field control, leading to enhanced beam focusing and extraction efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the focusing of extracted particle beam is enhanced, but the cyclotron weight increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by using recessed gradient correctors instead of protruding ones. The recesses are formed in the hill sector surfaces, allowing the gradient correctors to be embedded rather than added on top. This inversion maintains the beam focusing function while reducing the overall cyclotron weight and volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The gradient correctors are nested within recesses formed in the hill sector structures. This nesting approach allows the gradient correctors to be integrated into the existing cyclotron structure rather than being external additions, thereby achieving the focusing function without proportionally increasing the overall weight.
2Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the focusing of extracted particle beam is enhanced, but the vacuum chamber volume increases requiring more energy for pumping
Solution Approach 1:
By inverting the gradient corrector design from protruding to recessed, the vacuum chamber volume is reduced. The recesses are formed within the existing hill sector structures rather than adding external volume, thereby reducing the vacuum pumping energy requirement while maintaining the beam focusing enhancement.
3Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the focusing of extracted particle beam is enhanced, but the positioning precision becomes more difficult to control
Solution Approach 1:
The gradient correctors are nested within precisely formed recesses in the hill sectors. This nesting provides fixed, predetermined positions for the gradient correctors, eliminating the need for manual positioning and ensuring high positioning precision. The recesses act as mechanical guides that automatically place the gradient correctors at the correct locations.
4Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the focusing of extracted particle beam is enhanced, but the magnetic field control becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
By using recessed gradient correctors instead of protruding ones, the magnetic field is modified in a more controlled manner. The recesses allow for precise local modification of the magnetic field without the disruptive outwards deviation caused by protruding correctors, thereby improving magnetic field control while maintaining beam focusing enhancement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces the cyclotron's size and weight, decreases the energy needed for vacuum pumping, and facilitates precise control of the particle beam's focusing and extraction, making it easier and more predictable to manage the beam's properties.
Implementation Method 1
The magnetic system generates a magnetic field that guides and focuses the beam of charged particles along the spiral path
Implementation Method 2
A strong magnetic field is thus created in the hill gap portions within the hill sectors and a weaker magnetic field is created in the valley gap portions within the valley sectors
Implementation Method 3
this particle beam is sequentially and repetitively accelerated by the RF accelerating system
Implementation Method 4
The recess allows the modification of the magnetic field near the peripheral edges and thus locally modify the magnetic field near the peripheral edge of a hill sector to improve the focusing of the outgoing particle beam
Data Source
Figure 1(a)~1(b)
Figure 2~3
Figure 4(a)
AI summary
A magnet pole for an isochronous sector-focused cyclotron comprising hill and valley sectors alternatively distributed around a central axis, Z, each hill sector comprises an upper surface bounded by four edges: an upper peripheral edge, an upper central edge, a first and a second upper lateral edges, and a peripheral surface extending from the upper peripheral edge to a lower peripheral line. The upper peripheral edge of at least one hill sector further comprises a concave portion with respect to the central axis defining a recess extending at least partially over a portion of the peripheral surface of the corresponding hill sector