Recessed Gradient Correctors for Cyclotron Beam Focusing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Isochronous sector-focused cyclotrons face challenges in efficiently and cost-effectively extracting a focused and predictable particle beam due to the limitations of protruding gradient correctors, which increase the cyclotron's weight, require more energy for vacuum pumping, and are difficult to precisely position.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a magnet pole with recessed gradient correctors, featuring a concave portion on the upper peripheral edge of hill sectors, which reduces the cyclotron's size and weight, allows precise positioning, and improves magnetic field homogeneity, enabling better control of the particle beam's focusing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the magnetic field homogeneity is improved, but the cyclotron weight increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of adding protruding gradient correctors to the hill sector peripheral edges, the invention uses recessed gradient correctors that are coupled to the peripheral surfaces, creating a concave modification rather than a convex one. This inversion approach achieves the same magnetic field correction function while reducing the overall cyclotron weight and volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The gradient correctors are applied locally only at the peripheral edges of hill sectors where magnetic field homogeneity needs improvement, rather than uniformly across the entire magnet pole. This localized application minimizes the added weight while achieving the desired beam focusing effect.
2Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the magnetic field homogeneity is improved, but the vacuum chamber volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention inverts the gradient corrector design from protruding to recessed, allowing the correctors to be integrated within the existing vacuum chamber volume rather than requiring external expansion. This reduces the vacuum chamber volume while maintaining the magnetic field correction function.
Solution Approach 2:
The recessed gradient correctors are nested within the existing hill sector structure and vacuum chamber space, utilizing available volume rather than requiring additional external space. This nesting approach achieves field correction without increasing the overall cyclotron footprint.
3Manufacturing precision
If protruding gradient correctors are used to improve beam focusing, then the magnetic field homogeneity is improved, but the positioning precision becomes difficult to achieve
Solution Approach 1:
By inverting the design to recessed correctors, the positioning reference surface becomes the flat peripheral surface of the hill sector rather than requiring precise positioning of a protruding element. This inversion simplifies the manufacturing and positioning process while maintaining field correction precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The recessed gradient correctors are pre-positioned within the hill sector structure during manufacturing, with their positions determined by the fixed geometry of the recesses. This preliminary positioning eliminates the need for complex post-installation adjustment procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the focusing and predictability of the extracted particle beam, reduces the cyclotron's size and weight, and simplifies the positioning of gradient correctors, leading to more efficient and cost-effective operation.
Implementation Method 1
The magnetic system generates a magnetic field that guides and focuses the beam of charged particles along the spiral path
Implementation Method 2
A strong magnetic field is thus created in the hill gap portions within the hill sectors and a weaker magnetic field is created in the valley gap portions within the valley sectors
Implementation Method 3
Gradient correctors are relatively small blocks of steel with respect to the size of a hill sector, which are coupled to the peripheral surfaces of the hill sectors. Such gradient correctors allow the modification of the magnetic field near the peripheral edges
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a magnet pole for an isochronous sector-focused cyclotron having hill and valley sectors alternatively distributed around a central axis, Z, each hill sector having an upper surface bounded by four edges: an upper peripheral edge, an upper central edge, a first and a second upper lateral edges, and a peripheral surface extending from the upper peripheral edge to a lower peripheral line. The upper peripheral edge of at least one hill sector may further include a concave portion with respect to the central axis defining a recess extending at least partially over a portion of the peripheral surface of the corresponding hill sector.