Reciprocating Tissue Cutting Device for Neurosurgery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current tissue removal systems fail to precisely and atraumatically excise neurological tissue without damaging the tissue or surrounding structures, and they often compromise the biological integrity of the resected tissue, making it unsuitable for personalized medicine applications. Additionally, these systems lack the flexibility to handle both large volumes of tissue and delicate structures, and they do not maintain the tissue in a sterile environment, which is essential for effective personalized therapies.
Innovation Solution
A tissue cutting device with a fluid supply sleeve and a reciprocating inner cannula within an outer cannula, designed to supply fluids and aspirate tissue samples while minimizing damage, allowing for precise cutting and preservation of tissue samples in a sterile environment. The device includes a motor-driven mechanism for the inner cannula to cut tissue without crush artifacts and thermal damage, and a tissue collector to maintain the samples in an aseptic condition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If ablative energy sources are used for tissue removal, then tissue removal efficiency is improved, but tissue integrity and viability are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces ablative energy sources with a mechanical cutting system consisting of a reciprocating inner cannula with a cutting edge that moves within an outer cannula. This mechanical system achieves tissue removal through physical cutting action rather than thermal ablation, thereby maintaining tissue integrity and viability while enabling successful personalized medicine applications.
2Productivity
If traction is applied to remove tissue, then tissue removal is achieved, but surrounding collateral tissue is damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting device is segmented into an inner cannula with a cutting edge and an outer cannula that defines a confined space. This segmentation allows the cutting action to be localized precisely to the target tissue within the outer cannula, preventing traction forces from affecting surrounding collateral tissue while maintaining effective tissue removal capability.
3Productivity
If large volumes of tissue are removed rapidly, then debulking efficiency is improved, but control around delicate structures is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs a dynamic reciprocating motion of the inner cannula within the outer cannula, allowing the cutting edge to move back and forth to rapidly remove large volumes of tissue. Simultaneously, the confined space defined by the outer cannula maintains control precision around delicate structures such as vessels and nerves, enabling both efficient debulking and precise control with a single instrument.
4Ease of operation
If resected tissue is exposed to non-sterile environment, then handling is simplified, but tissue contamination occurs compromising personalized medicine applications
Solution Approach 1:
The device uses a nested structure where the inner cannula containing the resected tissue is positioned within the outer cannula. This nested configuration creates a contained, sterile environment that protects the resected tissue from contamination during the procedure. The tissue remains in a controlled, sterile space throughout the resection process, maintaining both sterility and ease of handling for personalized medicine applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device enables safe and effective Gross Total Resection (GTR) of neurological tissue, providing intact, biologically active samples for personalized medicine, maintaining tissue integrity and viability during resection and transport, and allowing for precise control during surgical procedures.
Implementation Method 1
a vacuum source in fluid communication with the inner cannula, whereby the vacuum source creates negative pressure to aspirate the resected tissue samples through the inner cannula into the tissue collector
Implementation Method 2
a fluid supply in fluid communication with the distal end of the inner cannula, whereby the fluid supply delivers irrigation fluid to the distal end of the inner cannula
Data Source
AI summary
A tissue cutting device that is especially suited for neurosurgical applications is disclosed and described, as well as alternative systems for tissue preservation and transport. The cutting device includes an outer cannula in which a reciprocating inner cannula is disposed. A tissue collector is also provided and is in fluid communication with the lumen of the inner cannula. A temperature control sleeve may be disposed around the tissue collector to control the temperature of the tissue samples. A preservation system may be supplied that is configured to deliver fluids to tissue samples in the tissue collector. A fluid supply sleeve may be disposed about the outer cannula and is selectively positionable along the length of the outer cannula.