Re-configurable Magnetoinductive Waveguide Impedance Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing magnetoinductive waveguides lack the ability to reconfigure their impedance and frequency response efficiently, limiting their adaptability for applications such as beam forming and filtering in radio frequency processing.

Innovation Solution

A re-configurable magnetoinductive waveguide is designed with galvanically isolated primary resonators and an active control element that adjusts the impedance of the primary resonator through inductive and capacitive coupling with a secondary resonator, allowing for dynamic changes in impedance and frequency response via conductive or capacitive coupling with an active control component.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If traditional magnetoinductive waveguides are used, then the structure is simple and stable, but the impedance and frequency response cannot be reconfigured dynamically

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimpedance reconfigurabilityVSAvoidwaveguide structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The waveguide structure is made dynamically reconfigurable by incorporating varactor diodes that can change the resonant frequency and impedance of split ring resonators through voltage control, allowing the waveguide to adapt its electrical characteristics without changing its physical structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The impedance and frequency response are reconfigured by changing the electrical parameters (capacitance values) of the resonators using varactor diodes, which modify the resonant frequency and impedance characteristics of the waveguide segments through voltage-dependent capacitance variation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If varactor-loaded split ring resonators are used for frequency tuning, then the frequency response can be adjusted, but the impedance control and reconfiguration flexibility are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency response tuningVSAvoidimpedance control flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The waveguide is divided into multiple independently controllable segments, each containing split ring resonators with varactor diodes. This segmentation allows individual or grouped control of different waveguide sections, providing flexible impedance matching and reconfiguration capabilities beyond simple frequency tuning

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The varactor-loaded resonator structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: frequency tuning, impedance matching, and waveguide reconfiguration. The same varactor components that adjust resonant frequency also control impedance characteristics, eliminating the need for separate control mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If the waveguide is made reconfigurable with active control elements, then the adaptability for filtering and beam forming improves, but the device complexity and control requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiltering and beam forming capabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control functionality is merged directly into the waveguide structure by integrating varactor diodes within the resonator elements themselves. This combination eliminates the need for external control components and reduces overall system complexity while maintaining full reconfiguration capability for filtering and beam forming applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The waveguide achieves significant changes in impedance, enabling flexible configurations for filtering and beam forming, with the ability to switch between low and high impedance states, effectively reconfiguring the waveguide for different operational requirements.

Implementation Method 1

Each primary resonator is galvanically isolated from each of the other primary resonators (i.e. the only coupling between adjacent primary resonators is inductive and optionally capacitive coupling)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInductive coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

The control element may be conductively and/or capacitively coupled to the primary resonator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitive coupling: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP3430672B1Magnetoinductive waveguide
Publication Date: 2021.06.30 OXFORD UNIVERSITY INNOVATION LTD
  • EP3430672B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3430672B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3430672B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A re-configurable magnetoinductive waveguide (300), comprising a plurality of resonator cells, wherein each resonator cell comprises a primary resonator (110) that is inductively coupled to a primary resonator (110) of at least one other resonator cell, and wherein at least one of the plurality of resonator cells is a controllable cell (100) which further comprises a control element ( 120), the control element (120) having an active control component ( 125) that is operable to adjust the impedance of the primary resonator (110) of the controllable cell (100) in response to a control signal; wherein: the control element ( 120) comprises a secondary resonator, the secondary resonator is inductively coupled to the primary resonator (110), and the active control component (125) is arranged to vary the electrical properties of the secondary resonator in response to the control signal.