Power Rectifier Gate Voltage Control for Short Circuit Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Three-phase power rectifiers face issues with asymmetric short circuit currents during branch faults, leading to critical torque changes in electric motors or generators, and existing methods fail to prevent desaturation and destruction of power semiconductor elements.

Innovation Solution

The method involves detecting collector-emitter voltage and current rates to determine if a short circuit is present, and if so, increasing the gate-emitter voltage of affected power semiconductor elements to allow higher current flow without desaturation, enabling symmetrical short circuit currents and preventing element destruction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the other power semiconductor element in a branch is switched off to avoid destruction, then additional element destruction is prevented, but asymmetric short circuit currents continue to flow causing critical torque changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprevention of element destructionVSAvoidasymmetric short circuit currents and torque changes
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the gate-emitter voltage parameter of the power semiconductor elements. By increasing the gate-emitter voltage above the normal operating level, the affected power semiconductor element can conduct higher short circuit currents without desaturation, enabling symmetric current flow while maintaining element integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically adjusts the gate-emitter voltage based on the detected fault condition. The control device monitors collector-emitter voltage and collector current rates, and dynamically increases the gate-emitter voltage when a short circuit is detected, allowing the system to adapt its behavior to the fault condition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If the gate-emitter voltage is increased to allow higher current flow, then desaturation and element destruction are prevented, but the system must detect and respond to short circuit conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprevention of desaturation and element destructionVSAvoiddetection and control mechanisms
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the control device continuously monitors the collector-emitter voltage and collector current of the power semiconductor elements. When the rate of change of these parameters indicates a short circuit condition, the control device responds by increasing the gate-emitter voltage, creating a closed-loop control system that automatically adapts to fault conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for the detection and management of branch short circuits, preventing desaturation and subsequent destruction of power semiconductor elements, resulting in reduced torque changes and maintaining rectifier functionality.

Implementation Method 1

the control device 20 increases the gate-emitter voltage of at least one of the power semiconductor elements 14

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGate-emitter voltage control:

Implementation Method 2

the collector current I C (t) and the collector-emitter voltage V CE (t) are detected for at least one of the power semiconductor elements 14

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP2747260B1Method for operating an electrical power rectifier, and an electrical power rectifier
Publication Date: 2019.08.14 GE ENERGY POWER CONVERSION GMBH
  • EP2747260B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2747260B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3C
  • EP2747260B1 patent drawing

AI summary

Disclosed herein is a method for operating an electrical power rectifier (10). The power rectifier (10) comprises at least two branches (11, 12, 13) that are connected in parallel to each other, each of said branches comprising at least two power semiconductor elements (14', 14") that are connected in series. The collector-emitter voltage Vce(t) and/or the collector current Ic(t) of one of the power semiconductor elements (14', 14") is detected by means of the method. Furthermore, it is determined whether at least one of the following conditions is met: dVCE(t)/dt < (dVCE/dt)crit and/or dIC(t)/dt < (dIC/dt)crit and or IC(t_ent) < ICcrit. If at least one of the aforementioned conditions has been met, the gate-emitter voltage of at least one of the power semiconductor elements (14', 14") is increased.