Recursive Echo Curve Simulation for Radar Level Gauges

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current simulation methods for echo curves generated by pulsed radar level gauges are computationally expensive and inefficient, lacking the precision needed for accurate setup and troubleshooting of pulsed radar level gauge installations.

Innovation Solution

Recursive multi-model echo simulation algorithms that include a parametrized model of echo reflection defined by an initial spatial function with parameters such as signal amplitude, width, and spatial attenuation, along with a damping factor for signal path components, and a second model for transmission and reflection at media boundaries, implemented using an echo curve calculation program to generate simulated echo curves.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If current simulation methods are used, then the setup process can be completed, but the computational cost is high and efficiency is low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimulation efficiencyVSAvoidcomputational cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The simulation is divided into discrete segments: the probe is segmented into multiple sections, each with its own dielectric constant and attenuation characteristics. The echo curve is constructed by summing contributions from each segment, allowing efficient computation while maintaining accuracy. This segmentation enables the system to achieve high simulation efficiency without excessive computational cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system pre-calculates and stores attenuation factors and reflection coefficients for various media combinations before the actual simulation. These pre-computed values are then retrieved and applied during echo curve generation, significantly reducing real-time computational requirements. This preliminary action enables fast simulation while keeping energy consumption manageable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If simple simulation models are used, then computational cost is reduced, but measurement precision is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveecho curve accuracyVSAvoidsimulation model complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Each segment of the probe is assigned specific local characteristics including its own dielectric constant, attenuation factor, and reflection coefficient. This local quality approach allows the model to accurately represent the specific properties of each probe section without requiring the entire probe to have uniform characteristics. The result is high measurement precision achieved through manageable model complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system varies key parameters such as dielectric constant and attenuation factor across different probe segments to model real-world conditions accurately. By changing these parameters locally rather than using uniform values, the simulation achieves high precision for complex tank configurations while keeping the overall model complexity manageable through parameterization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If multi-model recursive simulation is implemented, then setup accuracy is improved, but algorithm complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesetup accuracyVSAvoidalgorithm complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The simulation algorithm uses a nested structure where inner loops calculate reflections and transmissions for individual segments, which are then summed in outer loops to produce the complete echo curve. This nesting allows complex multi-model simulation to be broken down into manageable iterative steps, achieving high setup accuracy while keeping algorithm complexity manageable through systematic organization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The system iteratively refines the echo curve calculation by comparing simulated results with actual measurements and adjusting parameters accordingly. This feedback mechanism enables the algorithm to converge on accurate setup parameters, improving setup accuracy while the iterative structure organizes complexity into systematic refinement steps rather than monolithic complex calculations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These algorithms efficiently simulate echo curves, allowing for more accurate setup and troubleshooting by comparing simulated and actual echo curves, reducing errors and improving the performance of pulsed radar level gauges.

Implementation Method 1

radar which uses electromagnetic energy at radio frequencies which propagate through free-space

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave propagation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the electromagnetic fields see the higher dielectric constant of the product material. This higher dielectric constant causes a reduction in the impedance of the transmission line, resulting in a pulse echo being reflected back

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDielectric reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

a damping factor modeling the radar pulse traveling through each media in its signal path

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSignal attenuation: Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentEP3420320B1Recursive multi-model echo curve simulation
Publication Date: 2021.07.28 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC
  • EP3420320B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3420320B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3420320B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method (100) of simulating a pulsed radar gauge (PRG) on a tank. Provided (101) are a parametrized model of an echo reflection responsive to a transmitted radar pulse defined by an initial spatial model function, a first signal model modeling the pulse traveling through the media, and a second signal model modeling reflection and transmission of the pulse striking boundaries involving the media, and an echo curve calculation (ECC) program. The ECC program divides (102) the signal path into path components for the pulse using the first and second signal model together as a recursive program with stop conditions to indicate an end result for the path components when taken together for reflected signals reaching the transceiver include locations of reflections and respective amplitudes. A shape of the initial model is placed (103) at reflection locations using their respective amplitudes applied to size their amplitude to generate a simulated echo curve.