Redox Flow Battery Turbulence Layout for Lower Diffusion Loss

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional redox flow batteries suffer from significant diffusion-related losses due to uniform electrolyte flow, which limits the utilization of electrolyte ions and reduces power density, especially when using reactive electrolytes.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a turbulence device to create turbulent or pseudoturbulent electrolyte flow within the cells and stacks, utilizing shaped bodies or ultrasonic devices to enhance electrolyte distribution and minimize diffusion losses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If uniform laminar electrolyte flow is used in conventional redox flow batteries, then the system structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but diffusion losses increase and power density decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvediffusion lossesVSAvoidflow field structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The flow field is segmented into multiple channels with different flow path lengths, creating non-uniform flow distribution. The electrode surface is divided into regions with varying flow rates, allowing turbulent flow in critical areas while maintaining simpler flow in other regions, thus reducing diffusion losses without requiring complete structural redesign

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the flow field are designed with different flow characteristics. Areas with high reaction kinetics (such as regions using polyoxometalates) are provided with turbulent flow to minimize diffusion losses, while other regions maintain laminar flow. This localized optimization reduces overall diffusion losses without uniformly increasing device complexity throughout the entire system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If turbulent electrolyte flow is implemented to reduce diffusion losses, then power density increases, but pressure drop and energy consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower densityVSAvoidpressure drop
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The flow regime is made dynamic rather than static. The system transitions from uniform laminar flow to controlled turbulent flow in specific regions, allowing the flow characteristics to adapt to the local reaction kinetics and electrode properties. This dynamic flow optimization increases power density in high-kinetics regions while managing pressure drop through strategic placement of turbulence-inducing elements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The flow field design incorporates three-dimensional flow path variations, including vertical and lateral dimension changes, to induce turbulence without simply increasing flow velocity in a single direction. By utilizing multiple spatial dimensions for flow path design, turbulent flow is generated effectively while distributing pressure drop across different spatial locations rather than concentrating it in one area

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Quantity of substance

If high reaction kinetics electrolytes like polyoxometalates are used, then energy storage capacity increases, but diffusion losses become more pronounced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy storage capacityVSAvoiddiffusion losses
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The flow velocity parameter is changed from uniform low velocity to variable high velocity in specific regions. By adjusting the flow velocity parameter locally in regions using high reaction kinetics electrolytes like polyoxometalates, the system compensates for increased diffusion losses while maintaining the energy storage benefits of these electrolytes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The turbulent flow design increases power density and allows the use of more reactive electrolytes, reducing diffusion losses and maintaining efficient operation with minimal pressure drop.

Implementation Method 1

the electrolyte flow can be, or is, made turbulent by a turbulence device. In other words, the electrolyte flow through the turbulence device is turbulent and/or pseudoturbulent

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTurbulence: Turbulence

Implementation Method 2

The electrolyte can be pumped by means of a pump device via a fluid inlet in a flow field through the half-cell to a fluid outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPumping: Pump

Implementation Method 3

A membrane, particularly one that conducts ions, separates or divides the cell into two half-cells

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 4

Electrons are supplied to the anode and absorbed by the cathode, creating a current between the two electrodes. Due to the respective electrode reactions, a charge imbalance arises between the two half-cells

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRedox reactions: Redox Reactions

Data Source

PatentEP3534435B1Redox flow battery with at least one cell and method for operating a redox flow battery
Publication Date: 2026.04.01 CMBLU ENERGY AG
  • EP3534435B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3534435B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a redox flow battery (10) with at least one cell (14) which is divided into half-cells (18) by a membrane (16), each half-cell comprising an electrode (20) which is arranged in an interior space (24) of the respective half-cell (18) through which an electrolyte (22) flows, and the electrolyte (22) can be pumped by means of a pumping device (26) via a fluid inlet (28) in a flow field (30) through the half-cell (18) to a fluid outlet (32), wherein a turbulence device (12) is provided by means of which the flow of the electrolyte (22) can be turbulent. The invention further relates to a method for operating a redox flow battery (10).