Redox Oxygen Carrier Preparation via Wet Chemical Displacement
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing chemical looping processes face challenges with particle agglomeration and energy-intensive calcination steps, making them costly and inefficient for producing oxygen carriers.
Innovation Solution
A process involving a material with a first transition metal or its oxide, subjected to partial reduction with H2, then treated with a solution of a second transition metal salt with a higher standard reduction potential, followed by washing and drying, eliminating the need for high-temperature calcination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional calcination at high temperature is used to prepare oxygen carrier, then the oxygen carrier achieves required chemical properties, but energy consumption increases and particle agglomeration occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the preparation parameters by eliminating high-temperature calcination (typically 400-900°C) and replacing it with a low-temperature process using aqueous salt solutions at room temperature or mild heating. This parameter change resolves the contradiction by achieving the required chemical properties without the energy-intensive high-temperature step that causes particle agglomeration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes the thermal/chemical calcination process with a wet chemical process involving aqueous salt solutions. Instead of using high-temperature thermal energy to achieve the desired oxygen carrier properties, the invention uses chemical reactions in aqueous solution at low temperatures, thereby eliminating the energy consumption and agglomeration problems associated with conventional calcination.
2Reliability
If conventional calcination at high temperature is used to prepare oxygen carrier, then the oxygen carrier achieves required chemical properties, but particle agglomeration increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the preparation parameters by eliminating high-temperature calcination and replacing it with a low-temperature process using aqueous salt solutions. This parameter change prevents particle agglomeration while still achieving the required chemical properties, thereby maintaining particle dispersion stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes the thermal calcination process with a wet chemical process using aqueous salt solutions. This substitution avoids the high-temperature conditions that cause particle sintering and agglomeration, thereby preserving particle dispersion and compositional stability.
3Reliability
If multi-step preparation process is used to ensure oxygen carrier quality, then product quality improves, but process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple preparation steps into a single integrated process. Instead of separate steps for precursor deposition, drying, and high-temperature calcination, the invention combines these functions into one step using aqueous salt solutions that directly form the active oxygen carrier material upon drying at low temperature, thereby simplifying the process while maintaining quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the energy-intensive high-temperature calcination step from the conventional multi-step preparation process. By removing this unnecessary step and using a direct low-temperature aqueous salt solution method, the process complexity is reduced while the oxygen carrier quality is maintained through the controlled chemical reactions in solution.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This process results in an energy-efficient oxygen carrier with high mechanical strength and reactivity, capable of partial oxidation of CH4 to CO and H2, and reduces the risk of particle agglomeration, enhancing the chemical looping process's efficiency and economic viability.
Implementation Method 1
Subjecting material A to a reaction with H2 to cause at least partial reduction of the at least one first transition metal and/or at least one first transition metal oxide
Implementation Method 2
treating reduced material B with a solution of a salt of at least one second transition metal, wherein the at least one second transition metal is selected such that it has a standard reduction potential that is larger than a standard reduction potential of the at least one first transition metal
Data Source
AI summary
A process prepares an oxygen carrier for a chemical looping process including providing a material A having a first transition metal and/or an oxide of the first transition metal. The first transition metal is selected from chemical element groups 6-11 of the Periodic System. Material A is subjected to a reaction with H2 to reduce the first transition metal and/or oxide to form a reduced material B. Material B is treated with a salt solution of a second transition metal selected to have a standard reduction potential larger than the first transition metal. A portion of the first transition metal in the reduced material B is replaced by the second transition metal. A molar ratio of the first transition metal with respect to the second transition metal in material B ranges between 2:1 and 100:1. An oxygen carrier is obtained with the method and is regenerated using steam.