Reduced-Diameter Multimode Fiber Composite Coating Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current multimode optical fibers with reduced diameters face challenges in maintaining high modal bandwidth, low attenuation, low microbending sensitivity, and puncture resistance, making them unsuitable for high-density data center applications.

Innovation Solution

A reduced-diameter multimode optical fiber design featuring a graded-index core with a specific refractive index profile and optimized coatings to minimize microbending and enhance mechanical integrity, allowing for high modal bandwidth and puncture resistance while maintaining a compact form factor.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If the cladding diameter is reduced to decrease fiber diameter, then cable size and footprint are reduced, but microbending sensitivity increases and attenuation increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber diameterVSAvoidmicrobending sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite coating structure with a soft primary coating layer (modulus 1-10 MPa) and a hard secondary coating layer (modulus 1-10 GPa). This composite structure allows the soft layer to absorb microbending stresses while the hard layer provides mechanical protection, enabling reduced cladding diameters (62.5 μm or 50 μm) without excessive microbending sensitivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the physical parameters of the coating layers, specifically controlling the modulus of elasticity of the primary coating to be 1-10 MPa and the secondary coating to be 1-10 GPa. It also optimizes the thickness ratios (primary coating 2-10 μm, secondary coating 10-20 μm) to balance microbending protection with puncture resistance, enabling reduced fiber diameter while maintaining reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Volume of moving object

If the primary coating thickness is reduced to decrease fiber diameter, then cable size is reduced, but susceptibility to shear-induced defects increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber diameterVSAvoidresistance to shear-induced defects
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite coating system where the soft primary layer (2-10 μm thick) provides shear resistance through its viscoelastic properties, while the hard secondary layer (10-20 μm thick) provides puncture resistance. This composite structure allows overall diameter reduction while maintaining strength characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the thickness and modulus parameters of the primary coating to 2-10 μm and 1-10 MPa respectively, which provides sufficient shear resistance even at reduced overall fiber diameters (125 μm or 100 μm cladding diameter)

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Volume of moving object

If the secondary coating thickness is reduced to decrease fiber diameter, then cable size is reduced, but puncture resistance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber diameterVSAvoidpuncture resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a hard secondary coating layer with modulus 1-10 GPa and thickness 10-20 μm that provides puncture resistance. This hard layer compensates for the reduced overall fiber diameter by providing a dedicated protective barrier against punctures while allowing the soft primary layer to handle microbending stresses

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent controls the secondary coating thickness to be 10-20 μm with high modulus (1-10 GPa), which maintains puncture resistance even when the overall fiber diameter is reduced to 100 μm or smaller

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Quantity of substance

If the fiber diameter is reduced to increase fiber count in cables, then bandwidth density increases, but maintaining high modal bandwidth becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiber countVSAvoidmodal bandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a graded-index profile with optimized relative index difference (Δ) parameters and core/cladding radius ratios that maintain high modal bandwidth even at reduced diameters. The refractive index profile is specifically tailored to compensate for the reduced geometric dimensions, enabling 100 μm diameter fibers to achieve bandwidths comparable to or exceeding traditional 125 μm fibers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The optimized coating structure with specific modulus ratios between primary and secondary layers provides mechanical stability that maintains the graded-index profile integrity, thereby preserving high modal bandwidth characteristics in reduced-diameter fibers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves high modal bandwidth, low attenuation, and improved mechanical properties, enabling the use of reduced-diameter multimode optical fibers in high-density data center applications with increased fiber count and connector density.

Implementation Method 1

The glass fiber includes a higher index core region surrounded by a lower index cladding region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Implementation Method 2

The glass fiber includes a higher index core region surrounded by a lower index cladding region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 3

the primary coating acts to dissipate external forces to prevent them from being transferred to the glass fiber. By dampening external forces, the primary coating prevents damage to the glass fiber and minimizes attenuation of optical signals caused by microbending

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDamping: Damping

Implementation Method 4

The primary coating has a modulus in the range from 1 MPa to 10 MPa, and the secondary coating has a modulus in the range from 1 GPa to 10 GPa

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectViscoelasticity: Viscoelasticity

Implementation Method 5

the secondary coating provides mechanical integrity and allows the optical fiber to be handled for processing and installation in cables

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP3928134B1Puncture-resistant reduced-diameter multimode optical fiber
Publication Date: 2024.07.17 CORNING INC
  • EP3928134B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3928134B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3928134B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present description provides reduced-diameter multimode optical fibers. The optical fibers include a reduced-diameter glass fiber and/or reduced-thickness coatings. The overall diameter of the optical fibers is less than 210 µm and examples with diameters less than 160 µm are presented. Puncture resistant secondary coatings enable thinning of the secondary coating without compromising protection of the glass fiber. The optical fibers are suitable for data center applications and features high modal bandwidth, low attenuation, low microbending sensitivity, and puncture resistance in a compact form factor.