Reduction Flow Member for Uniform Water Distribution in Electrolysis Cells

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current electrolysis cells face challenges in reducing size while maintaining efficient water flow and mechanical stability, which is crucial for uniform electrical and fluid distribution and heat evacuation, especially under differential pressure conditions.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of a reduction flow member with channels of varying heights and cross-sections, integrated into the bipolar plate, allows for adjusted pressure drop and uniform water flow in the flow control device, enabling size reduction of the electrolysis cells without compromising performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If the electrolysis cell size is reduced, then the device complexity and material usage are decreased, but the water flow distribution uniformity and mechanical stability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell sizeVSAvoidwater flow distribution uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The reduction flow member introduces local variations in channel height (first height in inlet region, second height in outlet region) to create different flow resistance characteristics in different zones. This local quality differentiation allows the system to achieve uniform water flow distribution across the active surface despite the overall reduced cell size, resolving the contradiction between compact dimensions and flow uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the geometric parameter of the channels by varying their height along the flow path. The channel height transitions from a first height in the inlet region to a second height in the outlet region, creating an optimized pressure gradient that maintains uniform flow distribution in the reduced-size cell configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Volume of moving object

If the electrolysis cell size is reduced, then the device complexity and material usage are decreased, but the mechanical strength under differential pressure deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell sizeVSAvoidmechanical strength under differential pressure
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The reduction flow member extends in the vertical dimension (first direction) between the bipolar plate and the frame, creating a three-dimensional flow distribution structure. This vertical dimension allows for optimized pressure drop control and flow uniformity without increasing the horizontal footprint, maintaining mechanical compactness while achieving the desired flow characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Reliability

If uniform water flow is achieved, then heat evacuation and operational stability are improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational stabilityVSAvoidflow control structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The reduction flow member integrates multiple functions into a single component: it serves as both a flow distribution element and a pressure drop control element. By combining these functions in one integrated structure rather than using separate components, the invention achieves uniform water flow and improved operational stability without proportionally increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The reduction flow member performs multiple roles simultaneously: distributing water uniformly across the active surface, controlling pressure drop in the inlet region, and maintaining mechanical support. This multi-functionality allows the system to achieve improved operational stability without adding separate dedicated components for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution ensures uniform water flow and mechanical strength, preventing hot spots and enhancing the operational stability and efficiency of the electrolysis cells, even under differential pressure, thus optimizing their performance and lifespan.

Implementation Method 1

the reduction flow member ensuring a pressure drop at entrance of water flow in a flow control device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure drop: Pressure Drop

Implementation Method 2

uniform flow in the flow control device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic flow:

Implementation Method 3

a proton-exchange membrane separates the anode from the cathode of each cell... by allowing protons to flow from the anode to the cathode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 4

PEM (proton-exchange membrane or polymer electrolyte membrane) technology, a proton-exchange membrane separates the anode from the cathode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectProton exchange: Ion Exchange

Implementation Method 5

The flow of liquid water through the anode compartment of each cell is used both to feed the electrolysis reaction and to cool the anode compartment because the oxygen release reaction is exothermic

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection cooling: Convection

Implementation Method 6

a heat exchanger, typically only on an anode side, which allows the extraction of the heat produced in the cells during electrolysis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 7

Electro-catalysts are deposited on both sides of the membrane, each forming a layer of a few micrometers to a few tens of micrometers thick

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Implementation Method 8

electrons are released at the anode of the cell within the oxygen evolution reaction (OER)... form together with H+ protons H2 within the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrolysis: Electrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP4446470A1Reduction flow member for a water electrolysis cell, water electrolysis cell and water electrolysis module
Publication Date: 2024.10.16 ELOGEN
  • EP4446470A1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4446470A1 patent drawingFigure 4
  • EP4446470A1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The invention relates to a reduction flow member for a water electrolysis cell, the reduction flow member comprising a first face lying in a first plane (P1), a second face lying in a second plane (P2) parallel to the first plane (P1), at least one first barrier (64) and a second barrier (64) extending between the first plane (P1) and the second plane (P2), at least one channel being arranged between the first barrier (64) and the second barrier (64), wherein a height (h) of at least a portion (621) of the channel (62), measured orthogonally to the first plane (P1) between a bottom wall (623) of the channel (62) and the first plane (P1), is strictly less than a height (d) of the first or the second barrier (64), measured orthogonally to the first plane (P1).