Redundant Current Measurement Using Parallel Shunt and Hall Paths
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing current measuring apparatuses have limited measuring ranges and low resolution with high tolerances, particularly when using Hall sensors, and are not optimally designed for broader current measurement applications.
Innovation Solution
A current measuring apparatus that divides the electric current into a main and secondary path, using a low-resistance current measuring resistor in the main path for four-wire technique measurement and a magnetic field sensor, such as a Hall sensor, in the secondary path for redundant measurement, allowing for a wider measuring range and improved resolution by measuring different currents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a Hall sensor is used for current measurement, then the measuring principle is redundant with the shunt, but the measuring range is limited to 1000 A with low resolution and high tolerance
Solution Approach 1:
The current measurement is segmented into two separate paths: a main current path for high current measurement using the shunt, and a secondary current path for precise measurement using the Hall sensor. This segmentation allows each measurement system to operate in its optimal range, resolving the contradiction between measurement redundancy and precision.
2Reliability
If the same current is measured by both the shunt and Hall sensor, then redundant measurement is achieved, but the measuring range remains limited
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between measuring the main current through the shunt and the secondary current through the Hall sensor based on the current magnitude. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to maintain measurement redundancy while extending the effective measuring range beyond 1000 A.
3Measurement precision
If chip sensors with lower measuring range are used, then resolution and tolerance improve, but the measuring range becomes too limited
Solution Approach 1:
The current measuring apparatus is designed with multi-functionality to handle both high current measurement (up to 20 kA via shunt) and precise low current measurement (via Hall sensor in secondary path). This universal design allows a single system to serve multiple measurement needs, resolving the contradiction between precision and measuring range.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus achieves a significantly expanded measuring range up to 20 kA with reduced tolerance, utilizing the complementary strengths of both measurement principles to enhance accuracy and reduce temperature dependence.
Implementation Method 1
the voltage drop across the low-resistance current measuring resistor is measured. According to Ohm's law, the voltage drop across the low-resistance current measuring resistor is a measure of the electric current to be measured.
Implementation Method 2
Hall sensors for current measurement, which detect the magnetic field generated by the electric current to be measured
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a current measuring apparatus for redundant measurement of an electric current (I) with a low-resistance current measuring resistor (1) for current measurement according to the four-lead technique and with a magnetic field sensor (14). The invention provides that the electric current (I) to be measured in the current measuring apparatus is divided into a main current path with a main current (I1) and a secondary current path with a secondary current (I2), the main current path and the secondary current path together forming a parallel circuit. The low-resistance current measuring resistor (1) is arranged in the main current path and has the main current (I1) flowing through it, while the magnetic field sensor (14) is arranged in the secondary current path and measures the secondary current (I2).