Reference Detector for X-ray Beam Fluctuation Correction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing x-ray radiography systems face challenges in accurately measuring object density and atomic number due to fluctuations in the dose and energy of high-energy x-ray sources, leading to degraded image quality and reduced capability to discriminate between materials.

Innovation Solution

An x-ray imaging system comprising a high-energy x-ray source, a detector array, and a reference detector with programmable processing units that measure and correct for x-ray beam dose and energy fluctuations, applying correction factors to object measurement data to improve radiographic data quality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If a high-energy x-ray source is used to penetrate dense objects, then the penetration capability is improved, but the beam fluctuations (dose and energy) increase leading to degraded measurement accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepenetration capabilityVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

A reference detector is introduced as an intermediary component to measure the actual dose and energy of the x-ray beam. This reference detector acts as a mediator between the unstable x-ray source and the object measurement system, providing real-time data about beam fluctuations that can be used to correct the measurements taken by the detector array.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements a feedback mechanism where the reference detector continuously monitors the x-ray beam characteristics and feeds this information back to the processing system. The processing system then applies correction factors based on the reference detector measurements to compensate for beam fluctuations, thereby maintaining measurement accuracy despite source instability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If correction mechanisms are added to compensate for beam fluctuations, then the measurement accuracy is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement accuracyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The detection system is segmented into two independent functional components: a reference detector for measuring beam fluctuations and a detector array for measuring object properties. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function and simplifies the overall system architecture by separating the correction function from the measurement function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The reference detector creates a copy or replica measurement of the x-ray beam characteristics without requiring physical interaction with the object. By measuring the beam properties separately and using these measurements to correct the object measurements, the system avoids the need for complex real-time control mechanisms while maintaining accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system enhances the quality of radiographic images by compensating for beam fluctuations, thereby improving the accuracy of density and atomic number measurements and the ability to identify materials within objects.

Implementation Method 1

The reference detector includes a plurality of detector elements stacked in a stacking direction along an x-ray beam path to detect x-ray beam fluctuations in the high-energy x-ray source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectX-ray detection: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 2

The measured x-ray attenuation can provide information about the object's density, effective atomic number, or other properties

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectX-ray attenuation: Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentEP3397953B1Reference detector for correcting fluctuations in dose and energy of x-ray sources
Publication Date: 2023.08.30 LEIDOS SECURITY DETECTION & AUTOMATION INC
  • EP3397953B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3397953B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3397953B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Systems and methods presented herein provide corrections for fluctuations in dose or energy of radiation sources including x-ray radiation sources. The corrections can be applied to improve the quality of transmission radiography data or other radiation imagery or to facilitate feedback control of a radiation source to improve stability.