Reference Governor for Air Handling Actuator Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing approaches to controlling air handling systems in internal combustion engines fail to adequately manage transients and disturbances, leading to violations of desired emission limits.
Innovation Solution
A system and method incorporating a reference governor to adjust references for air handling actuators, using model predictive control to optimize feedforward references and enforce constraints, ensuring effective control of air handling systems during transient conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing control approaches are used for air handling systems, then the system structure remains simple, but emission limits are violated during transients and disturbances
Solution Approach 1:
The reference governor adjusts feedforward references before transients and disturbances occur by predicting future system states and constraints. The controller proactively modifies reference trajectories to prevent emission limit violations rather than reacting after violations occur, thereby improving reliability without requiring complex real-time intervention mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The control system incorporates feedback from actual emissions measurements and system state sensors to continuously update the reference governor's predictions. This closed-loop feedback mechanism allows the system to adapt to changing conditions and maintain emission compliance while keeping the overall control architecture relatively simple by building upon existing control structures.
2Reliability
If existing control approaches are used, then the control system remains easy to operate, but adequate control response to transients and disturbances is not provided
Solution Approach 1:
The reference governor automatically adjusts feedforward references based on predicted system behavior and constraint violations without requiring manual intervention. The system self-corrects for transients and disturbances by autonomously modifying control references, maintaining ease of operation while improving control response adequacy through intelligent autonomous adjustment.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller performs preliminary adjustments to feedforward references before transients and disturbances impact system performance. By proactively shaping reference trajectories in advance, the system provides adequate control response to anticipated conditions while maintaining simple operation through automated predictive control rather than complex manual tuning.
3Reliability
If feedforward references are not adjusted, then the control system remains simple, but emission limits are violated during transient conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The reference governor uses feedback from emissions sensors and system state measurements to continuously adjust feedforward references. This feedback-driven adjustment mechanism ensures emission compliance during transients by real-time modification of references based on actual system performance, achieving improved reliability through a relatively simple feedback loop that builds on existing control architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The system adjusts feedforward references by modifying control parameters such as EGR valve positions and throttle settings in response to predicted constraint violations. These parameter changes are implemented through the reference governor, which transforms complex emission compliance requirements into simple parameter adjustments within the existing control framework, thereby improving emission compliance without significantly increasing device complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
System, apparatus, and methods are disclosed for controlling one or more actuators of an air handling system of an internal combustion engine. The one or more actuators are controlled in response to one or more feedforward references that are adjusted by a reference governor that predicts one or more operating parameters and imposes constraints on the one or more feedforward references to reduce the potential for violating limits on the one or more operating parameters.