Reference Picture Signaling for Random Access in Image Sequences

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for decoding random-accessed pictures in image sequences require decoding all reference pictures starting from the previous IDR picture, leading to inefficiencies and increased file size due to poor coding efficiency when images are represented as series of still pictures.

Innovation Solution

An improved method for identifying and signaling reference pictures by assigning unique identifiers to reference samples, determining unique combinations of sample identifiers and reference sample identifiers, and mapping these to indices, allowing only necessary pictures to be decoded for random access.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If all reference pictures starting from the previous IDR picture are decoded to enable random access, then random access capability is achieved, but decoding delay and file size increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverandom access capabilityVSAvoiddecoding delay
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the reference picture set into multiple subsets, each associated with specific prediction modes. Instead of decoding all reference pictures, the decoder only decodes the subset corresponding to the accessed picture's prediction mode, thereby reducing decoding delay while maintaining random access capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies partial action by decoding only the necessary portion of reference pictures (specific subset) rather than all reference pictures. This partial decoding approach achieves the required random access functionality without the excessive overhead of decoding the entire reference picture set

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

2Reliability

If all reference pictures are decoded to ensure correct decoding of any accessed picture, then decoding accuracy is maintained, but file size and processing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedecoding accuracyVSAvoidprocessing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The reference picture set is divided into multiple subsets based on prediction mode requirements. The encoder signals which subset should be decoded, allowing the decoder to process only the relevant subset and maintain decoding accuracy without handling all reference pictures, thus reducing processing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The encoder performs preliminary action by determining and signaling the appropriate reference picture subset before decoding. This allows the decoder to prepare and decode only the necessary reference pictures in advance, ensuring decoding accuracy while minimizing processing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If all reference pictures are decoded to support random access, then complete picture reconstruction is ensured, but coding efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepicture reconstruction completenessVSAvoidcoding efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the reference picture processing into multiple subsets, allowing the decoder to reconstruct pictures correctly by decoding only the relevant subset rather than all reference pictures. This segmentation maintains reconstruction completeness while improving coding efficiency by avoiding redundant decoding operations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Reliability

If the subset of required reference pictures cannot be easily identified, then random access becomes inefficient, but decoding all pictures ensures correctness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedecoding correctnessVSAvoidrandom access time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The encoder performs preliminary action by determining and signaling which reference picture subset is required for each picture before decoding. This preliminary identification eliminates the need for complex runtime analysis and enables fast random access while ensuring decoding correctness through proper subset selection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3207711B1An apparatus, a method and a computer program for image sequence coding and decoding
Publication Date: 2021.03.10 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3207711B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3207711B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3207711B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method for signaling reference pictures of a picture sequence encoded in a bitstream, the method comprising classifying pictures of the picture sequence into reference pictures and non-reference pictures; providing each reference picture with a unique picture identifier; determining, at least for inter-coded picturesof the picture sequence, all unique combinations of the picture identifier and at least one reference picture identifier, where the at least one reference picture identifier for a particular picture identifies all pictures that may be used as a reference for predicting said particular picture;and assigning intra-coded reference pictures at least with their unique picture identifier and the inter-coded pictures with their corresponding unique combination of the picture identifier and the at least one reference picture identifier