Multiplexing Reference Signals With Scalable Numerology

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently multiplexing reference signals across different numerologies, which affects the flexibility and scalability of 5G NR networks, particularly in supporting diverse service applications and maintaining orthogonality of subcarriers.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a scaled numerology family across resource elements, where the base subcarrier spacing is scaled by an integer while maintaining the same cyclic prefix overhead, allowing for efficient multiplexing of reference signals using orthogonal cover codes or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) across OFDM symbols with different numerologies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If reference signals are multiplexed across different numerologies using traditional methods, then resource utilization is improved, but orthogonality of subcarriers is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresource utilizationVSAvoidorthogonality of subcarriers
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by scaling the subcarrier spacing of reference signals to match the data numerology. Specifically, when data uses a scaled numerology (e.g., 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), the reference signals are also scaled to the same numerology rather than using the base numerology (e.g., 15 kHz). This parameter adjustment maintains orthogonality while enabling efficient multiplexing across different numerologies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If scalable numerology is implemented for diverse service applications, then flexibility and scalability are improved, but complexity of multiplexing reference signals increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflexibility and scalabilityVSAvoidcomplexity of multiplexing reference signals
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements universality by creating a scalable numerology framework where reference signals can adapt to any data numerology through systematic scaling. The same reference signal designs (DMRS, CRS, CSI-RS, SRS) can be used across different numerologies by applying the appropriate scale factor, eliminating the need for separate reference signal designs for each numerology and reducing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If base subcarrier spacing is scaled by integer factors, then support for diverse service applications is improved, but maintaining same cyclic prefix overhead becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport for diverse service applicationsVSAvoidcyclic prefix overhead consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent maintains cyclic prefix overhead consistency through parameter changes by scaling both the subcarrier spacing and the cyclic prefix length proportionally. When the subcarrier spacing is scaled by a factor K, the cyclic prefix length is also scaled by the same factor K, thereby maintaining the same cyclic prefix overhead ratio. This ensures that timing synchronization and orthogonality properties are preserved across different numerologies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3529942B1Multiplexing reference signals with scalable numerology for new radio (NR) networks
Publication Date: 2021.09.08 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3529942B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3529942B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3529942B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Wireless communication devices are adapted to facilitate multiplexing of reference signals. According to one example, a wireless communication device can multiplex a first reference signal and a second reference signal utilizing code division multiplexing for transmission across a first resource element and a second resource element. The first resource element may utilize a first subcarrier in a first OFDM symbol employing a first numerology. The second resource element may utilize a second subcarrier in a second OFDM symbol employing a second numerology that is different from the first numerology, where the second subcarrier overlaps in frequency at least a portion of the first subcarrier. Code division multiplexing (or Orthogonal Cover Code) of Reference Signals (DMRS) over Resource Elements (RE) having different subcarrier spacings (also proportionally different symbol durations). Usual OCCs codes are proposed like the 3-DFT one for 3 REs case. Only subcarriers with aligned center frequency across the different numerologies are allocated for mapping the DMRS.