Refractory Torch Exit End for Plasma Atomization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Torches used to sustain atomization sources, such as plasma, experience significant degradation due to high temperatures, leading to reduced lifetime.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating refractory materials with high melting points, such as alumina, zirconia, or silicon nitride, at the exit end of the torch body to prevent degradation, and using a combination of materials with different thermal expansion coefficients to minimize thermal stress.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high temperatures are used to sustain the atomization source, then atomization efficiency is improved, but torch lifetime is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using different materials for different regions of the torch. The exit end is made of refractory material to withstand high temperatures, while other parts can use different materials optimized for their specific functions. This allows the torch to operate at high temperatures for improved atomization efficiency while protecting critical components from thermal degradation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining refractory materials with other materials in the torch structure. The use of refractory materials at the exit end combined with other materials in different sections creates a composite structure that can simultaneously handle high temperatures and perform other necessary functions, thereby extending torch lifetime while maintaining high atomization efficiency.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If refractory material is added to the torch body, then torch lifetime is extended, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the torch into distinct sections with different materials. The refractory material is specifically placed at the exit end where it is most needed, rather than using it throughout the entire torch. This segmented approach extends torch lifetime in the critical high-temperature zone while minimizing the addition of complexity to the overall device structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of refractory materials extends the torch's lifespan by resisting high temperatures and reducing thermal degradation, allowing for higher temperature operations and improved atomization efficiencies.
Implementation Method 1
at least an exit end of the body comprises at least one refractory material... the refractory material is present in an effective amount or region to increase the torch life... resisting high temperatures and reducing thermal degradation
Implementation Method 2
the hollow cylindrical outer tube comprising a fluid inlet configured to receive a cooling gas flow to cool outer surfaces of the hollow cylindrical inner tube
Implementation Method 3
using a combination of materials with different thermal expansion coefficients to minimize thermal stress
Data Source
AI summary
Certain embodiments described herein are directed to a torch that includes a suitable amount of a refractory material. In some embodiments, the torch can include one or more non-refractory materials in combination with a refractory material. In some embodiments, the torch can comprise a refractory material and an optically transparent window. In other embodiments, the torch can comprise a material comprising a melting point higher than the melting point of quartz.