An air conditioning system or a heat pump system using refrigerant to cool system electronics and a method for controlling such a system

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Solution Overview

Problem

Air conditioning and heat pump systems face overheating issues due to heat generated by electronics, leading to potential shutdowns or malfunctions, as existing cooling methods are inadequate in managing temperature fluctuations and refrigerant flow efficiently.

Innovation Solution

A system with a temperature sensor controlling the expansion valve based on refrigerant temperature, adjusting the refrigerant flow through heat exchangers to manage the liquid dry out point (LDOP) and superheating, utilizing a cooling apparatus with a cold plate to efficiently transfer heat from electronics to refrigerant, and potentially varying compressor speed with an inverter.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If refrigerant flow through the cooling apparatus is increased to cool electronics, then cooling effectiveness improves, but risk of liquid dry out and superheating increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectronics temperatureVSAvoidrefrigerant flow stability
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs a temperature sensor to continuously monitor refrigerant temperature and feeds this information back to the electronics module, which automatically adjusts the expansion valve position. This closed-loop feedback mechanism dynamically balances cooling effectiveness with prevention of liquid dry out and superheating, resolving the contradiction between cooling performance and flow stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The expansion valve is dynamically adjusted based on real-time temperature conditions rather than being fixed. The electronics module continuously modifies the valve position to optimize refrigerant flow, allowing the system to adapt to changing thermal conditions and maintain both effective cooling and stable refrigerant flow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If expansion valve opens wider to increase refrigerant flow, then cooling capacity improves, but liquid dry out point shifts causing superheating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling capacityVSAvoidrefrigerant temperature control
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The temperature sensor provides continuous feedback on refrigerant temperature, allowing the electronics module to monitor the liquid dry out point. When superheating is detected, the system automatically adjusts the expansion valve to restore proper refrigerant flow, preventing temperature control issues while maintaining cooling capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes the expansion valve opening parameter based on temperature conditions. By adjusting this critical parameter in response to temperature feedback, the system optimizes the balance between cooling capacity and prevention of liquid dry out, resolving the contradiction between productivity and temperature control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If cooling apparatus size is reduced to lower costs, then manufacturing cost decreases, but cooling effectiveness may be insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidcooling effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

Rather than relying on oversized static cooling apparatus, the system uses dynamic control of refrigerant flow through the expansion valve to optimize cooling performance. This allows smaller, more cost-effective cooling components to achieve adequate cooling by precisely controlling refrigerant delivery based on real-time temperature conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system optimizes cooling effectiveness through parameter changes in refrigerant flow control rather than increasing apparatus size. By dynamically adjusting the expansion valve opening based on temperature feedback, the system achieves efficient cooling with reduced hardware requirements, lowering manufacturing costs while maintaining effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively manages refrigerant flow and temperature, reducing the risk of overheating, minimizing electronic component failure, and optimizing system performance by maintaining lower temperatures and reducing costs through efficient cooling and reduced size requirements for cooling apparatus.

Implementation Method 1

a cooling apparatus is adjacent the temperature sensor for cooling the module with the low-pressure refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

An expansion valve is disposed between the heat exchangers that converts the high-pressure refrigerant to a low-pressure refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThrottling: Pressure Drop

Implementation Method 3

A temperature sensor detects a temperature of the low-pressure refrigerant passing through the system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature detection:

Data Source

PatentEP2198159B1An air conditioning system or a heat pump system using refrigerant to cool system electronics and a method for controlling such a system
Publication Date: 2019.12.04 EMERSON CLIMATE TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • EP2198159B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2198159B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2198159B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A system, compressor, and method that cools an electronics module with a low-pressure refrigerant. The system, compressor, and method utilize a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the low pressure refrigerant and communicates with the electronics module. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the electronics module controls a liquid dry out point of the refrigerant that is used to cool the electronics module.