Adaptive Refuelling Flow Control for Electrostatic Safety

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current refuelling systems impose a maximum flow rate based on worst-case scenarios to mitigate electrostatic charge build-up and over-pressurization, leading to longer refuelling times even when these threats are not present, due to the use of fixed orifice plates and binary valves.

Innovation Solution

A refuelling system with a variable-position valve and sensor arrangement that measures electrostatic conditions and fuel levels to dynamically control fuel flow rates, adjusting based on actual threats to minimize refuelling time while ensuring safety.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a maximum flow rate is imposed based on worst-case scenario assumptions to mitigate electrostatic charge build-up, then safety is improved, but refuelling time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidrefuelling time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by replacing the static maximum flow rate restriction with a dynamic flow rate control system. The controller continuously monitors electrostatic charge measurements and adjusts the fuel flow rate in real-time, allowing the system to operate at higher flow rates when safe and reduce flow rate only when necessary to maintain safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback by using electrostatic charge sensors to continuously monitor the refuelling process and feed this information back to the controller. The controller then adjusts the fuel flow rate based on the actual electrostatic conditions, creating a closed-loop control system that adapts to changing conditions during refuelling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If a maximum flow rate is imposed to prevent over-pressurisation of the fuel tank, then safety is improved, but refuelling time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidrefuelling time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The controller receives feedback about fuel tank pressure or fuel level and adjusts the fuel flow rate accordingly. This allows the system to maintain safety by preventing over-pressurisation while minimizing the impact on refuelling time by only restricting flow when necessary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the flow rate parameter dynamically based on real-time conditions. Instead of maintaining a constant maximum flow rate restriction, the system adjusts the flow rate parameter up or down depending on the actual electrostatic and pressure conditions in the fuel tank.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If fixed orifice plates are used to control fuel flow rate, then device complexity is reduced, but refuelling time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidrefuelling time
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces static orifice plates with a dynamic valve system that can adjust its opening position continuously. This dynamic valve, controlled by an actuator, allows the system to optimize fuel flow rate in real-time based on electrostatic conditions, significantly reducing refuelling time compared to fixed orifice restrictions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the purely mechanical fixed orifice plate system with a controlled system that includes sensors, a controller, and an actuated valve. This substitution introduces electronic control and real-time monitoring capabilities that enable optimized flow rate management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces refuelling time by adjusting fuel flow rates according to real-time electrostatic and pressure conditions, optimizing operations and reducing operational and economic impacts.

Implementation Method 1

the measurement of the electrostatic condition in the fuel tank is based on an electric field measurement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric field measurement: Electric Field

Implementation Method 2

the measurement of the electrostatic condition in the fuel tank is based on a streaming current measurement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStreaming current measurement: Electrostatics

Data Source

PatentEP3604139B1Refuelling system
Publication Date: 2022.12.21 AIRBUS OPERATIONS LTD
  • EP3604139B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3604139B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3604139B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3c

AI summary

A refuelling system comprises a fuel conduit, a variable-position valve for controlling a rate of flow of fuel leaving the conduit, and a controller. The controller is configured to receive from a sensor arrangement a measurement of an electrostatic condition in a fuel tank being fuelled by the system. The controller is configured to control the variable-position valve to control the rate of flow of fuel based at least in part on the measurement received from the sensor arrangement.