Regularized Beamforming Vector Determination for MIMO Interference Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, the increase in transmission amount due to multiple base stations leads to interference and noise in terminals, affecting the signal to leakage and noise ratio (SLNR) and overall system throughput, with existing methods failing to effectively manage noise and interference across terminals.
Innovation Solution
A method is introduced to determine beamforming vectors by computing normalization factors for each terminal, estimating leakage channels, and optimizing beamforming vectors to enhance the SLNR, involving the computation of a sum of powers and adjustment to comply with power constraints of each base station.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple base stations are used to increase transmission amount, then system throughput is improved, but interference and noise in terminals increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the beamforming design into terminal-specific optimization by computing individual normalization factors and leakage channels for each terminal. This allows each terminal to have a tailored beamforming vector that maximizes its own SLNR while considering interference from other terminals, thereby resolving the contradiction between increasing transmission amount and managing interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes key parameters including normalization factors computed from noise power, leakage channel estimates, and beamforming vectors optimized for each terminal. By dynamically adjusting these parameters based on channel conditions and interference levels, the system achieves higher throughput while controlling interference and noise effects.
2Reliability
If beamforming vectors are optimized for each terminal, then signal to leakage and noise ratio (SLNR) is improved, but computation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the beamforming computation into independent terminal-specific tasks where each terminal's normalization factor, leakage channel, and beamforming vector are computed separately. This segmentation allows for efficient parallel processing and reduces overall computation complexity while maintaining high SLNR for each terminal.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary computations of normalization factors and leakage channel estimates before final beamforming vector determination. By pre-computing these intermediate results, the system reduces the computational burden during real-time beamforming optimization while ensuring accurate SLNR maximization.
3Use of energy by moving object
If base stations have power constraints, then energy efficiency is improved, but transmission amount is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes beamforming vectors to maximize transmission efficiency under power constraints by adjusting normalization factors and beamforming directions. This allows the system to achieve higher transmission amounts within the available power budget at each base station, resolving the contradiction between energy efficiency and transmission capacity.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a beamforming vector determining method and an apparatus which may compute a normalization factor of each of a plurality of terminals by normalizing a predetermined reference value using noise power occurring in each of the terminals. A leakage channel of each of the terminals may be estimated, and a beamforming vector for each of the terminals may be determined with respect to a plurality of base stations based on the leakage channel of each of the terminals.