Relay Output Bias Monitoring for Short-to-Ground Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional relay systems lack protection against transitioning into a short to ground condition, which can cause significant damage to the relay and load due to the lack of knowledge about the output condition before switching.

Innovation Solution

A relay protection system that includes a biasing and monitoring module to detect a short to ground condition by applying a bias voltage to the relay's output and preventing the relay from transitioning from an open to a closed position if the bias level drops below a threshold, thereby keeping the power source decoupled from the load.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the relay transitions to a closed position without monitoring the output condition, then the switching operation is simple and fast, but the risk of significant damage increases due to unknown short to ground conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection against short to ground conditionVSAvoidrelay protection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs a preliminary monitoring action before the relay closes by applying a bias voltage to the output and checking for short to ground conditions. This preliminary check prevents the relay from closing into a short circuit, resolving the contradiction by adding protection without requiring complex continuous monitoring systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

A monitoring module acts as an intermediary between the control signal and the relay closure. This intermediary checks the output condition by monitoring the bias voltage level and only allows relay closure when conditions are safe, providing protection while maintaining system simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Strength

If the relay transitions to a closed position without knowledge of the output condition, then the switching speed is maintained, but the damage to contacts or load increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverelay contact durabilityVSAvoidtime for output monitoring
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The bias voltage application and monitoring occur preliminarily before relay closure, ensuring contacts are protected from short circuit damage. The monitoring is performed quickly during the brief interval before closure, minimizing time loss while ensuring contact durability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If the relay closes without detecting short to ground conditions, then the system operation is simple, but the load and relay are at risk of severe damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection against damageVSAvoiddetection of short to ground condition
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The monitoring module serves as an intermediary that simplifies the detection of short to ground conditions by using a bias voltage and threshold comparison. This approach makes the detection process straightforward while providing reliable protection against damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses feedback by monitoring the bias voltage level at the relay output and comparing it to a predetermined threshold. This feedback mechanism provides simple yet effective detection of short to ground conditions, enabling reliable protection without complex measurement systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Prevents damage to the relay and load by ensuring the relay does not close when a short to ground condition is detected, thereby maintaining safety and preventing potential damage during power distribution.

Implementation Method 1

The output of the relay can be monitored to determine if a bias level reduces below a predetermined threshold, indicating a short to ground condition

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage detection: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP3446391B1Relay protection system
Publication Date: 2023.09.06 LITTELFUSE INC
  • EP3446391B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3446391B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3446391B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided herein are improved relay protection systems that can detect a short to ground condition on an output of a relay. A relay protection system can bias an output of the relay. The output of the relay can be monitored to determine if a bias level reduces below a predetermined threshold, indicating a short to ground condition. If a short to ground condition is detected, the relay protection system can prevent the relay from transitioning from an open position to a closed position. As a result, a power source can remain decoupled from a load, thereby preventing damage to the relay and the load.