Relay Failure Prediction Using Load-Aware Machine Learning

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for predicting the failure of elementary relays are inadequate, leading to premature replacement and unnecessary wear, as they rely on general "B10 values" without considering specific load conditions, resulting in early failures and inefficient maintenance.

Innovation Solution

A machine learning-based approach that monitors and predicts relay failures by analyzing measurable relay and load sizes, using a database of various switching cycles and failure data to determine characteristic values, which indicate the probability of failure, allowing for timely replacement.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If general B10 values are used for relay replacement decisions, then relay reliability is improved through standardized testing, but maintenance efficiency deteriorates due to premature replacements and unnecessary switching cycles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverelay reliabilityVSAvoidmaintenance efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the single B10 value parameter into multiple condition-specific parameters (B10 values for different loads, temperatures, and operating conditions). This allows the system to select the appropriate B10 value based on actual operating conditions, preventing premature replacements while maintaining reliability standards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary determination of B10 values for various operating conditions during the design and testing phase. This preliminary action creates a lookup table of condition-specific reliability data that can be quickly applied during operation, eliminating the need for real-time complex analysis while improving maintenance decision accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If relays are replaced based on minimum B10 values across all loads, then reliability is ensured under worst-case conditions, but resource efficiency deteriorates due to unnecessary replacements and wasted switching cycles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverelay reliability under worst-case conditionsVSAvoidwasted switching cycles
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different B10 values to different operating conditions (loads, temperatures, environments) rather than using a single conservative value for all cases. This local quality approach matches the actual stress conditions to appropriate reliability data, preventing unnecessary replacements while ensuring reliability where needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the potentially harmful effect of using conservative minimum B10 values into a benefit by systematically analyzing different operating conditions. The worst-case B10 values become the basis for a comprehensive condition-specific database, transforming a conservative approach into a precise, condition-aware maintenance strategy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Measurement precision

If condition-specific B10 values are determined for multiple loads and temperatures, then maintenance precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to multiple tests and data management requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefailure prediction precisionVSAvoidtesting and data management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the operating conditions into distinct categories (different loads, temperatures, environments) and determines B10 values for each segment separately. This segmentation allows the complex testing to be organized into manageable, standardized test cases that can be systematically stored and retrieved.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal B10 value database that serves multiple functions: reliability prediction, maintenance scheduling, and condition monitoring. This multi-functional database structure handles various operating conditions through a unified system, reducing the need for separate complex systems for each test condition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3745229B1Methods and device for predicting an elementary relay failure
Publication Date: 2022.11.30 PHOENIX CONTACT GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3745229B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3745229B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3745229B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a method (200) for predicting the failure of an elementary relay (100), wherein the method (200) comprises the following steps: acquiring (201) measurable relay and load parameters (310) of the elementary relay (100) over a number of switching cycles of the elementary relay (100); determining (202) characteristic values ​​(330) of the elementary relay (100) based on a weighting of the acquired relay and load parameters (310) according to a machine learning algorithm (321), wherein the characteristic values ​​(330) indicate a functional state of the elementary relay (100) for the respective switching cycle; and determining (203) a failure probability (370) of the elementary relay (100) based on the determined characteristic values ​​(330).