Relay Welding Detection Circuit for Reliable Power Converters

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power conversion devices that determine relay welding reliability rely on short-lived photocouplers, leading to low detection circuit reliability.

Innovation Solution

A power conversion device using a welding detector with resistors and capacitors to apply an inspection signal and determine relay welding, reducing reliance on short-lived components and enhancing detection accuracy through signal delay and software-controlled determination.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If photocouplers are used in the detection circuit to determine relay welding, then the detection function is achieved, but the reliability decreases due to the short life of photocouplers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection circuit reliabilityVSAvoidcomponent life
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the optical detection system (photocouplers) with an electrical detection system using resistors and capacitors. The welding detector applies an inspection signal through a capacitor and resistors to the relay terminal, and a determiner detects the signal response to determine welding status. This substitution eliminates the use of photocouplers with short lifetimes, thereby improving detection circuit reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the detection parameter from optical signal transmission (using photocouplers) to electrical signal response characteristics (using RC circuits). By measuring the time constant or amplitude response of the capacitor-resistor network when an inspection signal is applied, the system determines relay welding status without relying on short-lived optical components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If multiple photocouplers are used to detect relay welding, then detection coverage is improved, but the overall system reliability decreases due to component failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewelding detection accuracyVSAvoiddetection circuit reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces multiple photocoupler-based detection circuits with a single electrical detection circuit using resistors and capacitors. The welding detector applies an inspection signal through a capacitor to the relay terminal, and the determiner analyzes the electrical response to detect welding. This substitution maintains detection accuracy while eliminating the reliability issues associated with multiple short-lived photocoupler components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Device complexity

If a simple detection circuit is used, then device complexity is reduced, but detection reliability decreases due to component limitations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection circuit complexityVSAvoiddeterminer reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a simple electrical circuit comprising a capacitor, resistors, and a signal source to replace complex optical detection systems. The welding detector applies an inspection signal through a capacitor and resistors to the relay terminal, and the determiner detects the electrical response. This simple circuit configuration using long-lived electrical components achieves both low complexity and high reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Significantly reduces the decrease in reliability of the determiner by using long-lived components and simplifies the circuit configuration, improving the ability to detect relay welding accurately.

Implementation Method 1

the applied inspection signal is delayed by the first resistor, and a signal is input to the determiner such that the determiner can easily determine whether or not the relay is welded based on the signal delay

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSignal delay:

Data Source

PatentEP3904143B1Power conversion device
Publication Date: 2024.11.27 FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD
  • EP3904143B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3904143B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3904143B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A power conversion device (100) includes a power converter (11, 12), a relay (21, 22, 23, 24, 25), and a welding detector (30). The welding detector includes a first resistor (R301, R31, R32, R33) connected to a terminal of the relay on a first side, a capacitor (C101, C201, C11, C21, C41, C51, C61, C71, C81, C91) and a second resistor (R101, R201, R11, R21, R41, R51, R61, R71, R81, R91), both of which are connected to a terminal of the relay on a second side, an application unit (33) configured to apply an inspection signal to the relay via the capacitor and the second resistor, and a determiner (31) connected between the capacitor and the second resistor, the determiner configured to detect a signal based on application of the inspection signal by the application unit to determine whether or not the relay is welded.