Reperfusion Catheter Antegrade Flow Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Standard catheter embolization procedures face challenges with backflow causing non-target embolization, which can lead to severe complications, and existing solutions like occlusion balloon catheters disrupt blood flow to target vessels, introducing additional risks.
Innovation Solution
A reperfusion catheter system with an introducer sheath and occlusion balloon catheter that establishes artificial antegrade blood flow through a conduit between the balloon catheter and introducer sheath, allowing controlled perfusion and embolic agent delivery without backflow when the balloon is insufflated.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an occlusion balloon catheter is used to prevent backflow, then non-target embolization is prevented, but blood flow to the target vessel is stopped which introduces additional risks
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the catheter into separate functional segments: an occlusion balloon portion for preventing backflow and a separate reperfusion catheter portion for maintaining forward blood flow. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function independently, preventing non-target embolization while maintaining perfusion to the target vessel.
Solution Approach 2:
The reperfusion catheter acts as an intermediary device that is positioned within the occlusion balloon catheter. It provides a separate pathway for maintaining antegrade blood flow through the target vessel while the balloon prevents retrograde flow. This intermediary structure resolves the contradiction by simultaneously addressing both prevention of backflow and maintenance of forward flow.
2Productivity
If embolic agents are delivered to the target area, then treatment effectiveness is improved, but backflow may cause non-target embolization
Solution Approach 1:
The occlusion balloon is inflated beforehand to create a seal that prevents retrograde flow before embolic agents are delivered. This preliminary action establishes a protective barrier that prevents embolic agents from traveling backward into collateral vessels, thereby enabling safe and effective embolization treatment.
Solution Approach 2:
The reperfusion catheter serves as an intermediary delivery pathway that ensures embolic agents are transported only in the forward direction to the target area. Combined with the balloon's prevention of backflow, this intermediary structure guarantees that embolic agents reach the intended target without causing non-target embolization.
3Stress or pressure
If pressure builds up distally during embolization, then embolic agent delivery is enhanced, but backflow may result in non-target embolization
Solution Approach 1:
The system separates the pressure-containing space (within the balloon catheter) from the embolic delivery pathway (through the reperfusion catheter). This segmentation allows pressure to build up distally to enhance embolic agent delivery while the balloon's seal prevents that pressure from causing retrograde flow and non-target embolization.
Solution Approach 2:
The reperfusion catheter acts as an intermediary that decouples the pressure generation mechanism from the embolic delivery mechanism. It allows distal pressure to be applied for effective embolization while simultaneously preventing backflow, thus resolving the contradiction between enhancing delivery pressure and preventing non-target embolization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables full control over target vessel flow, preventing non-target embolization and enhancing safety by maintaining perfusion to tissues while ensuring embolic agents reach the target area effectively, with the option to restore native blood flow if needed.
Implementation Method 1
The conduit provides for the establishment of artificial antegrade blood flow in a lumen of a target vessel through a path between the outer wall of the balloon catheter and the inner wall of the introduces sheath, through the conduit, through the opening in the balloon catheter, and exiting through the distal end of the balloon catheter
Implementation Method 2
A balloon catheter, which has a longitudinal opening extending from a proximal portion to a distal end, is disposed through the opening in the introduces sheath. The balloon catheter has an inflatable balloon at the distal end
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
AI summary
A reperfusion catheter system with an introducer sheath having an inner wall defining a longitudinal opening extending from a proximal portion to a distal end. A balloon catheter has an outer wall and has a longitudinal opening extending from a proximal portion to a distal end. The balloon catheter is disposed through the opening in the introducer sheath, and the balloon catheter has an inflatable balloon at the distal end. A conduit has a first end disposed in fluid communication with the area inside the introducer sheath between the inner wall of the introducer sheath and the outer wall of the balloon catheter. The conduit also has a second end disposed in fluid communication with the inside of the balloon catheter. The invention provides for the establishment of artificial antegrade blood flow in the lumen of a target vessel through a path between the outer wall of the balloon catheter and the inner wall of the introducer sheath, through the conduit, through the opening in the balloon catheter, and exiting through the distal end of the balloon catheter.