Replacement Fin Channel Etch for Low-Defect Epitaxial Interfaces

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge in maintaining mobility improvement and short channel control in microelectronic device fabrication, particularly in CMOS transistor devices, is exacerbated by the limitations of traditional trench etch processes that result in faceted trench bottoms, leading to poor epitaxial growth and increased defect densities, which hinder the co-integration of diverse channel materials within the same integrated circuit die.

Innovation Solution

A trench etch methodology using low-energy plasma with ion energy less than 30eV is employed to create non-faceted, low-ion damage trench bottoms, allowing for the deposition of replacement semiconductor materials like SiGe, which reduces defect densities and enhances the interface quality between the substrate and the replacement material.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If traditional trench etch processes are used, then trench formation is achieved, but faceted trench bottoms are created leading to poor epitaxial growth and increased defect densities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetrench bottom morphologyVSAvoidepitaxial growth quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the energy parameter of the plasma etch process by using low ion energy (less than 30eV) to modify the etching mechanism. This parameter change prevents faceting and ion damage at the trench bottom, enabling high-quality epitaxial growth of replacement channel materials while maintaining trench formation capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies preliminary anti-action by using low ion energy etching to prevent ion damage and faceting before epitaxial growth occurs. This preliminary prevention of harmful effects ensures that the trench bottom is ready for high-quality epitaxial growth without pre-existing defects

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

2Reliability

If replacement channel materials are deposited to improve mobility, then carrier mobility increases, but defect densities increase due to poor interface quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarrier mobilityVSAvoidinterface quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

By changing the plasma ion energy parameter to less than 30eV, the patent creates optimal trench bottom conditions that enable high-quality epitaxial growth interfaces. This parameter change allows replacement channel materials to be deposited with low defect densities while maintaining improved carrier mobility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses plasma (ionized gas) as the etching medium to achieve precise control over trench bottom morphology. The pneumatic/plasma process allows for low ion energy etching that prevents damage while maintaining etching capability, resulting in superior interfaces for high-mobility channel materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Reliability

If diverse channel materials are co-integrated to improve device performance, then transistor performance increases, but process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransistor performanceVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The low ion energy plasma etch process serves multiple functions: it forms trenches, prevents faceting, reduces ion damage, and prepares surfaces for epitaxial growth. This universal process can be applied to create trenches for various replacement channel materials (SiGe, III-V, etc.) without requiring different etching processes, thereby managing complexity while enabling diverse material integration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in defect-free or low-defect interfaces, enabling higher mobility and improved transistor performance by reducing dislocation and stacking fault counts, thus facilitating the co-integration of diverse channel materials within the same integrated circuit die.

Implementation Method 1

A trench etch methodology using low-energy plasma with ion energy less than 30eV is employed to create non-faceted, low-ion damage trench bottoms

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma etching: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

low-energy plasma with ion energy less than 30eV is employed to create non-faceted, low-ion damage trench bottoms

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon damage reduction: Ion Beam

Implementation Method 3

allowing for the deposition of replacement semiconductor materials like SiGe

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEpitaxial growth: Epitaxy

Data Source

PatentEP3314644B1Replacement channel etch for high quality interface
Publication Date: 2023.12.20 INTEL CORP
  • EP3314644B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3314644B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP3314644B1 patent drawingFigure 2c~2d

AI summary

Techniques are disclosed for customization of fin-based transistor devices to provide a diverse range of channel configurations and/or material systems, and within the same integrated circuit die. Sacrificial fins are removed via wet and/or dry etch chemistries configured to provide trench bottoms that are non-faceted and have no or otherwise low-ion damage. The trench is then filled with desired semiconductor material. A trench bottom having low-ion damage and non-faceted morphology encourages a defect-free or low defect interface between the substrate and the replacement material. In an embodiment, each of a first set of the sacrificial silicon fins is recessed and replaced with a p-type material, and each of a second set of the sacrificial fins is recessed and replaced with an n-type material. Another embodiment may include a combination of native fins (e.g., Si) and replacement fins (e.g., SiGe). Another embodiment may include replacement fins all of the same configuration.