Temperature Differential Control for Resin Air Bubble Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Additive manufacturing techniques, such as stereolithography, often result in defects like air bubbles in three-dimensional objects due to excess air being entrapped in the resin, leading to wasted materials and time, particularly for one-off or customized objects.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus that control a temperature differential between a first temperature and a second temperature in the manufacturing process by heating the liquid resin to a higher temperature to dissolve air and then cooling it to a lower temperature before deposition, allowing for increased air absorption and reducing air bubble entrapment in the final product.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If additive manufacturing is used to create one-off or customized objects, then manufacturing time and cost are reduced, but air bubbles are entrapped in the material leading to defects

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing timeVSAvoidquality of object
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The resin is pre-heated before the additive manufacturing process to reduce air entrapment. This preliminary thermal treatment modifies the resin's physical properties to prevent bubble formation during subsequent deposition, addressing the quality issue before manufacturing begins

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The temperature of the resin is changed from ambient to elevated levels during the manufacturing process. This parameter modification affects the resin's viscosity and air solubility, preventing air bubble entrapment while maintaining the benefits of additive manufacturing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If heating liquid resin to high temperature, then air dissolution increases, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair bubble reductionVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The resin is heated continuously throughout the additive manufacturing process rather than intermittently. This continuous thermal treatment maintains optimal temperature for air dissolution throughout material deposition, ensuring consistent quality without repeated heating cycles

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Solution Approach 2:

The resin undergoes thermal phase changes from ambient temperature to elevated temperature states. These controlled phase transitions modify the resin's physical properties to optimize air dissolution while managing energy input through predictable thermal behavior

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

3Manufacturing precision

If cooling liquid resin to lower temperature, then air absorption increases, but transfer time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair absorptionVSAvoidtransfer time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The resin is pre-cooled in the reservoir before being transferred to the build area. This preliminary cooling occurs during the material preparation phase rather than during active deposition, minimizing impact on manufacturing throughput while maximizing air absorption benefits

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

A temperature gradient is established as an intermediary mechanism between the heated resin source and the build area. This gradient allows progressive cooling during transfer, enabling air absorption without requiring complete temperature equilibration that would delay production

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively minimizes air bubble defects in three-dimensional objects, enhancing the quality and reducing material waste and production time, especially for customized or one-off items.

Implementation Method 1

heating a volume of liquid in a reservoir to the first temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

controlling a transfer time for transferring the portion of the volume of liquid to the object coater head to allow the portion of the volume of liquid to be cooled to the second temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCooling: Cooling

Implementation Method 3

A temperature differential between the first temperature and the second temperature is controllable to increase the ability of the volume of liquid to dissolve air prior to being deposited from the object coater head

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas dissolution: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP2928670B1Systems and methods of controlling a temperature differential in the manufacture of objects
Publication Date: 2016.05.25 MATERIALISE NV
  • EP2928670B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2928670B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2928670B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present application relates to an apparatus for generating a three-dimensional object. The apparatus may be used for controlling a temperature differential between a first temperature and a second temperature in the generation of the object. The apparatus includes a reservoir comprising a volume of liquid. The apparatus further includes an object coater head configured to deposit a portion of the volume of liquid on one of a support and an already formed part of the object. The apparatus further includes a heating source configured to heat the liquid in the reservoir to a first temperature and a device configured to control the transfer of a portion of the volume of liquid from the reservoir to the object coater head so that the portion of the volume of liquid is at a second temperature when the portion of the volume of liquid is deposited from the object coater head.