Resin Carriers for Small-Spot Biomolecule Immobilization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing carriers for bio-related molecule immobilization suffer from large spot diameters and poor detection sensitivity due to substrate surface properties, particularly when using polyvalent carboxylic acids or aminoalkylsilanes, which affect the spot shape and spread of bio-related molecule solutions.
Innovation Solution
A carrier is developed with a resin substrate having an amino group-containing compound layer and a polyvalent carboxylic acid layer, where the ratio of COO peak intensity to C-C peak intensity in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is controlled within a specific range, and for the second aspect, a water repellent resin substrate with an aminoalkylsilane and polyvalent carboxylic acid layer is used with controlled aminoalkylsilane exposure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a substrate using a polyvalent carboxylic acid such as polyacrylic acid is used, then the surface wettability is high, but the spot diameter of a solution containing bio-related molecules becomes large
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the surface treatment layer by using a copolymer containing both carboxylic acid groups (for wettability) and hydrophobic groups (for limiting spread). By adjusting the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic components in the copolymer, the invention optimizes both surface wettability and spot diameter control simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a copolymer composite material that combines carboxylic acid functional groups (providing wettability) with hydrophobic groups (providing spot size control). This composite approach allows the surface to exhibit both high wettability for good molecular immobilization and limited spot spread for high detection sensitivity
2Measurement precision
If the surface treatment is improved to increase detection sensitivity, then the detection sensitivity (S/N ratio) is improved, but the spot diameter may increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the chemical parameters of the surface treatment layer by controlling the carboxylic acid content and hydrophobic group content in the copolymer. This parameter optimization ensures high detection sensitivity through adequate carboxylic acid groups while maintaining small spot diameter through hydrophobic group control
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a surface with localized functional properties where carboxylic acid groups are distributed to provide detection sensitivity while hydrophobic groups are distributed to control spot spread. The copolymer structure enables these different functional groups to coexist and work in their respective optimal zones on the surface
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves high detection sensitivity with small spot diameters and improved spot shape by controlling the surface treatment conditions, enhancing the performance of bio-related molecule immobilization carriers.
Implementation Method 1
a substrate which has an amino group-containing compound layer and further has a polyvalent carboxylic acid layer stacked on the amino group-containing compound layer
Implementation Method 2
a ratio (COO peak intensity)/(C-C peak intensity) of a C1s spectrum as measured on a carrier surface after the stacking by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Implementation Method 3
wherein a carboxyl group of the polyvalent carboxylic acid layer is subjected to active esterification
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to a carrier for bio-related molecule immobilization, which comprises a resin substrate, an amino group-containing compound layer that is formed on the resin substrate, and a polyvalent carboxylic acid layer that is formed on the amino group-containing compound layer. The carboxyl groups in the polyvalent carboxylic acid layer are actively esterified; and the (COO peak intensity)/(C-C peak intensity) ratio of the C Is spectrum is from 0.064 to 0.12 (inclusive) if the carrier surface before the active esterification is measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The present invention also relates to a carrier for bio-related molecule immobilization, which comprises a water repellent resin substrate, an aminoalkyl silane layer that is formed on the resin substrate and a polyvalent carboxylic acid layer that is formed on the aminoalkyl silane layer, and which is characterized in that: the carboxyl groups in the polyvalent carboxylic acid layer are actively esterified; and the resin substrate is exposed after the formation of the aminoalkyl silane layer.