Resistivity Logging Tool Salinity Front Multiphase Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for determining multiphase flow parameters in subsurface formations, such as relative permeability and capillary pressure, are limited by the small scale of core samples, inaccuracies in laboratory measurements, and the time-consuming and expensive nature of core analysis, which do not accurately represent in situ conditions.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that enhance sensitivity by propagating multiple salinity fronts through the reservoir using a resistivity logging tool, detecting responses induced by these fronts, and processing electrical or electromagnetic data to determine improved values of multiphase flow parameters like relative permeability and capillary pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If core samples are used for laboratory experiments, then multiphase flow parameters can be determined, but the measurements are limited to small scales and do not represent in situ conditions accurately
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical core sampling and laboratory measurement systems with an electromagnetic measurement system. A logging tool with electromagnetic sensors is lowered into the borehole to measure formation properties in situ, eliminating the need to extract and transport physical core samples. This substitution enables measurements at the actual formation scale while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an electromagnetic field as an intermediary to probe formation properties. The logging tool emits electromagnetic signals that interact with the formation, and the reflected or transmitted signals provide information about multiphase flow parameters. This intermediary approach allows non-intrusive measurement of formation properties at reservoir scale without disturbing the in situ conditions.
2Measurement precision
If core analysis is performed in the laboratory, then detailed formation properties can be obtained, but the process is time-consuming and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The logging tool performs measurements autonomously as it is lowered into the borehole. The electromagnetic sensors continuously probe the formation and record data in real-time, eliminating the need for subsequent laboratory analysis of core samples. The formation essentially measures itself through the electromagnetic interaction, providing immediate results without requiring external processing time.
Solution Approach 2:
The logging tool continuously measures formation properties throughout the borehole interval as it descends, rather than requiring discrete, sequential laboratory analysis of multiple core samples. This continuous measurement approach captures formation heterogeneity and provides comprehensive data coverage in a single operation, significantly reducing the time from measurement to result presentation.
3Area of stationary object
If multiple core samples are collected to cover formation thickness, then comprehensive formation properties can be obtained, but the cost and complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The logging tool is designed as a multi-functional device that can measure multiple formation properties (multiphase flow parameters, saturation, permeability) simultaneously using electromagnetic measurements. A single tool pass provides comprehensive formation characterization that would otherwise require multiple core samples and various laboratory tests, simplifying the overall measurement process while maintaining formation coverage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for more robust and accurate determination of multiphase flow parameters at scales relevant to reservoir simulations, improving the reliability and efficiency of data collection compared to traditional core-based methods.
Implementation Method 1
suspending a resistivity logging tool in the borehole; propagating with the resistivity logging tool at a first salinity front in the formation; detecting with the resistivity logging tool a first response, said first response being induced by the first salinity front and a saturation profile of the formation
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and apparatus for improving the determination of at least one multiphase flow parameter of an earth formation comprising propagating within the formation a first salinity front, determining a first value of the at least one multiphase flow parameter, propagating in the formation a second salinity front and improving the determination of the at least one multiphase flow parameter from the first value for the at least one multiphase flow parameter and a saturation profile associated with the first and second salinity fronts within the formation.