Resonant Series Battery Heating Circuit for Low-Temperature Performance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Batteries experience reduced capacity and performance under low temperature conditions due to increased resistance and polarization, which affects the service life and charge/discharge efficiency of electric-motor cars and electronic devices.

Innovation Solution

A battery heating circuit is designed with two batteries, switch units, damping components, current storage components, and a switching control module, where the switching control module alternately switches the first and second switch units to direct electric energy between the batteries and a charge storage component, causing the damping components to generate heat and improve heating efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If batteries are operated in low temperature environments, then the batteries can be used in harsh conditions, but the resistance and polarization of the battery increase, reducing capacity and performance

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveadaptability to low temperature conditionsVSAvoidbattery capacity and performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The heating circuit is activated before the battery is operated in low temperature conditions to preheat the battery to an optimal temperature range. The control module detects low temperature conditions and initiates heating in advance, ensuring the battery reaches suitable operating temperature before actual use, thereby preventing capacity loss and performance degradation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If heating circuits are designed to heat batteries, then low-temperature performance is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional components

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelow-temperature charge/discharge performanceVSAvoidheating circuit structure

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The heating circuit utilizes existing battery components (batteries themselves, switch units, damping components, current storage components) to serve dual purposes: normal power operation and heating function. The same batteries that provide power also serve as heating elements through controlled current flow, eliminating the need for separate heating elements and reducing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The battery heating is achieved using the battery's own energy and components. The control module directs current through specific paths causing existing components to generate heat, allowing the battery system to heat itself without requiring external heating devices or additional power sources, thereby simplifying the overall system architecture.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

3Productivity

If switch units are used to control current flow for heating, then heating efficiency is improved, but the risk of short circuits and safety issues increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveheating efficiencyVSAvoidshort circuit risk and safety issues

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Damping components are strategically placed in the heating circuit paths to limit current flow and prevent excessive current that could cause short circuits. These damping components act as protective elements that cushion against current surges and faults before they can cause damage, enabling safe and efficient heating operation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Solution Approach 2:

The control module continuously monitors the heating process and battery conditions, dynamically adjusting the switching of switch units to maintain optimal heating while preventing unsafe conditions. The feedback mechanism detects temperature, current, and voltage parameters, automatically modulating the heating circuit to avoid short circuits and ensure safety while maintaining heating efficiency.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively heats the batteries, enhancing their low-temperature charge/discharge performance, reducing the risk of safety issues like short circuits, and protecting the batteries and switch units from damage by controlling current flow and limiting currents.

Implementation Method 1

the electric energy can flow back-and-forth between the first battery, the charge storage component C and the second battery alternately, and thereby causes the damping component R1 and the damping component R2 to generate heat

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentUS9209644B2Circuits and methods for heating batteries in series using resonance components in series

Publication Date: 2015.12.08 BYD SEMICON CO LTD

AI summary

Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a battery heating circuit, wherein: the battery comprises a first battery E1 and a second battery E2, the heating circuit comprises a first switch unit 10, a second switch unit 20, a damping component R1, a damping component R2, a current storage component L1, a current storage component L2, a switching control module 100 and a charge storage component C; the first battery, the damping component R1, the current storage component L1, the first switch unit 10 and the charge storage component C are connected in series to form a first charging/discharging circuit; the second battery, the damping component R2, the current storage component L2, the charge storage component C and the second switch unit 20 are connected in series to form a second charging/discharging circuit.