Resonant Circuit Impedance Matching for Wireless Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electromagnetic recharging systems using voltage-limiting circuits are inadequate for protecting electronic devices from overvoltages and excessive power, as they require components to withstand high voltages and do not effectively manage current levels, potentially damaging the resonator and electronic circuits.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a resonant circuit with adjustable series and parallel capacitors, controlled by a circuit to match impedance, which adjusts capacitance values based on measured inductive loss and voltage thresholds to optimize energy transfer while limiting voltage and current, thereby protecting the device and maximizing energy recovery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If voltage-limiting circuits are used to protect electronic circuits from overvoltages, then electronic circuits are protected, but the device requires components to withstand high voltages and does not effectively manage current levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit by varying the capacitance value of the capacitor. This parameter change allows the circuit to adapt to different coupling conditions and limit the voltage and current levels without requiring components rated for high voltages. The controller continuously monitors the state of the resonant circuit and modifies the capacitance to maintain optimal operating parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the controller continuously measures the state of the resonant circuit (including voltage and current levels) and adjusts the capacitance value accordingly. This closed-loop control ensures that the voltage and current remain within safe limits while maximizing energy transfer, eliminating the need for over-engineered high-voltage components.
2Productivity
If the capacitance value is adjusted to optimize energy transfer, then energy recovery is maximized, but the voltage and current levels may exceed safe thresholds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic adjustment of the capacitance value in real-time based on the coupling conditions and load requirements. The controller continuously modifies the capacitance to maintain optimal energy transfer while simultaneously keeping voltage and current levels within safe thresholds. This dynamic control allows the system to adapt to changing conditions without compromising safety or efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the capacitance parameter of the resonant circuit, the system optimizes the resonant frequency to match the terminal's frequency, maximizing energy transfer efficiency. The controller adjusts this parameter dynamically to ensure that high energy transfer does not result in dangerous voltage or current levels, thus resolving the contradiction between productivity and safety.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the resonant frequency is matched to maximize power transfer, then energy recovery is optimized, but the electronic circuits may be exposed to excessive power levels
Solution Approach 1:
The controller uses feedback from power level measurements to dynamically adjust the capacitance value. When power levels approach dangerous thresholds, the controller modifies the capacitance to detune the resonant circuit slightly, reducing power transfer but keeping power levels within safe limits. This feedback mechanism ensures continuous optimization of energy recovery while preventing excessive power exposure.
Solution Approach 2:
The system takes preliminary action by continuously monitoring power levels and preemptively adjusting the capacitance before dangerous power levels are reached. This preventive approach allows the system to maintain optimal energy transfer efficiency while avoiding the harmful effects of excessive power levels through anticipatory control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for efficient energy transfer and recharging while safeguarding the resonator and electronic circuits from overvoltages and excessive currents, ensuring the device operates within safe voltage and current ranges, thereby optimizing energy recovery and protection.
Implementation Method 1
portable devices which are rechargeable by means of electromagnetic resonant coupling
Implementation Method 2
rechargeable by means of proximity coupling
Implementation Method 3
a method for matching the impedance of a resonant circuit that comprises an inductor, a first capacitor in series with the inductor, and a second capacitor in parallel with the inductor
Data Source
AI summary
A resonant circuit can be used in recharging a battery. The resonant circuit includes an inductor, a first capacitor in series with the inductor, and a second capacitor in parallel with the inductor. Upon entering the field of a charging terminal a controller connected to the resonant circuit continually measures loss in the inductor and voltage on a terminal of the resonant circuit. If both are below respective predetermined thresholds, the controller decreases the capacitance of the first capacitor and increases the capacitance of the second capacitor, thereby increasing voltage from the resonant circuit to the battery.