Resonant Loop Antenna With Capacitive Gaps for Wideband Miniaturization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrically small antennas designed for low frequencies are large, heavy, expensive, and have narrowband performance, making them difficult to integrate into vehicles or platforms with stringent packaging constraints, and they often cannot be deployed as conformal devices.
Innovation Solution
The development of electrically small resonant loop antennas with a conductive housing and capacitive gaps between arms, manufactured using printed antenna board techniques, which allows for wider bandwidth operation and smaller size, enabling easier integration onto size-constrained platforms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If typical lowband antenna designs are used, then acceptable antenna performance is achieved, but the antenna becomes large, heavy and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the traditional lowband antenna design by changing the operational parameters through the use of resonant loop structures with capacitive gaps. This allows the antenna to achieve acceptable performance at much smaller physical dimensions, directly reducing weight while maintaining functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention moves from traditional planar dipole structures to three-dimensional resonant loop configurations with capacitive gaps. This dimensional transformation enables the antenna to achieve resonance at lower frequencies without proportionally increasing size, thereby reducing weight.
2Reliability
If typical lowband antenna designs are used, then acceptable antenna performance is achieved, but the antenna becomes large and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
By changing the design parameters to use resonant loop structures with capacitive gaps, the patent achieves acceptable performance with smaller, less expensive materials and simplified construction methods, directly reducing manufacturing costs.
3Length of moving object
If typical electrically small antenna designs are used, then size constraints are met, but the bandwidth becomes very narrow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the resonant parameters by introducing capacitive gaps in the loop structure, which allows electrically small antennas to achieve wider bandwidths. The capacitive reactance compensates for the electrical length, enabling broader frequency operation without increasing physical size.
4Length of moving object
If typical electrically small antenna designs are used, then size constraints are met, but the kr value remains relatively high
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the electrical parameters of the antenna by using resonant loop structures with capacitive gaps, achieving lower kr values for the same physical size. This allows the antenna to approach the theoretical Chu Limit more closely, improving efficiency without increasing dimensions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antennas achieve a wider bandwidth and smaller kr value, approaching the Chu Limit, allowing for more efficient operation over a broader frequency range while maintaining compact size, thus addressing the challenges of size and weight constraints.
Implementation Method 1
a structure at an angle to the main portions of the arms, referred to herein as a vertical or perpendicular structure is formed extending generally perpendicular from the first and second main portions respectively. More particularly, the perpendicular structure or portion of the first arm faces the perpendicular structure or portion of the second arm, and forms a capacitive gap between the first arm the second arm
Implementation Method 2
electrically small resonant loop antennas capable of supporting relatively wide operating bandwidths are provided
Implementation Method 3
an antenna element having first and second arms disposed on a substrate is provided. The arms and the substrate can be disposed within an aperture formed in an enclosure
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for providing an electrically small antenna are provided. The antenna can include an arm or a pair of arms disposed on a surface of a substrate. The substrate and the arm or arms are generally disposed in an aperture or volume formed in a housing. A capacitive gap is provided between the arm and the housing, or between the arms. Where the antenna includes a pair of arms, each arm generally includes a main portion disposed on the first surface of the substrate and a perpendicular portion that extends from the first surface of a substrate towards a ground plane on a second surface of the substrate. The perpendicular portions of the arms face one another. In addition, the main portions of the arms can be tapered in plan view. A ground plane can be provided on the second surface side of the substrate.