Resonant Sensor Circuit Selective Analyte Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current sensors lack high selectivity and sensitivity for detecting trace analytes in the presence of contaminants, and impedance spectroscopy is limited by low sensitivity and long acquisition times.
Innovation Solution
A resonant sensor system with a sensing material that changes impedance properties upon analyte exposure, combined with a processor generating a multivariate response pattern, is used to selectively detect multiple analytes amidst interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If impedance spectroscopy is used to characterize sensing material, then fundamental material properties can be extracted, but sensitivity is low and acquisition time is prohibitively long
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic oscillation at a resonant frequency to probe the sensing material. By using a sinusoidal voltage signal at the resonant frequency of the sensor electrode structure, the system achieves enhanced sensitivity through resonance amplification while reducing acquisition time, as the resonant response provides strong signal amplification at a specific frequency rather than requiring broad frequency sweeping
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the probing method from broad frequency range impedance spectroscopy to targeted resonant frequency oscillation. By operating at the specific resonant frequency of the sensor electrode structure and measuring the amplitude and phase of the resonant response, the system achieves higher sensitivity and faster acquisition compared to traditional impedance spectroscopy
2Reliability
If traditional sensors are used to detect analytes, then general detection is possible, but selectivity is low in the presence of contaminants
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adds a temporal dimension to analyte detection by analyzing the time-dependent response pattern of the sensing material. Different analytes produce distinct temporal response patterns when exposed to the sensing material, allowing differentiation between analytes and contaminants based on their unique response dynamics rather than just steady-state signal levels
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses changes in the resonant response characteristics (amplitude and phase) as analogous to color changes. Different analytes produce distinct patterns of resonant response changes, creating a unique 'fingerprint' for each analyte that enables selective detection even in the presence of contaminants
3Adaptability or versatility
If a sensing material responds to multiple analytes, then detection capability increases, but selectivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection process into multiple independent measurement dimensions: resonant amplitude change, resonant phase change, and temporal response pattern. Each dimension provides independent information about analyte presence, and by combining these segmented measurements, the system achieves both high detection capability for multiple analytes and high selectivity through multivariate analysis
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high selectivity and sensitivity, enabling effective detection of trace analytes with improved reliability and reduced interference, as demonstrated by specific examples with various sensing materials and analytes.
Implementation Method 1
a sensing material that predictably affects the resonant complex impedance response of a sensor electrode structure wherein the sensor electrode structure comprises an inductor-capacitor-resistor circuit
Implementation Method 2
at least one resonant sensor circuit comprising a sensing material that predictably affects the resonant complex impedance response
Data Source
AI summary
A system, device and methods, for determining at least two analytes, wherein the system and device include at least one resonant sensor circuit that includes a sensing material that predictably affects the resonant complex impedance response of a sensor electrode. The sensing material has at least two material properties that change when the materials are exposed to two or more analytes. The system and device also include a processor that generates a multivariate sensor response pattern that is based at least in part on a change in the two material properties of the sensing material.