Resonant Wireless Power Transfer with Temperature Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless energy transfer technologies face inefficiencies in transferring useful amounts of electrical power over mid-range distances and alignment offsets, with radiative methods losing power in all directions and traditional induction methods requiring precise alignment and short distances.
Innovation Solution
The use of coupled electromagnetic resonators with long-lived oscillatory resonant modes, specifically high-Q magnetic and electric resonators, to mediate energy exchange through magnetic or electric near-fields, enabling efficient wireless energy transfer over mid-range distances with minimal losses and alignment flexibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of stationary object
If traditional induction methods are used, then power transfer efficiency is maintained over short distances, but the transfer distance and alignment tolerance are severely limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operating parameters by using resonant frequency coupling between primary and secondary coils. By tuning both coils to the same resonant frequency, the system achieves enhanced magnetic coupling that extends the effective transfer distance while maintaining efficiency, overcoming the short-distance limitation of traditional induction methods
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes oscillating magnetic fields at resonant frequencies to transfer power. The primary coil generates an oscillating magnetic field that resonates with the secondary coil, creating a coupled oscillation that enables power transfer over extended distances compared to static or non-resonant induction methods
2Loss of energy
If directional antennas are used for radiative transfer, then power transfer efficiency is improved, but tracking mechanisms and line-of-sight requirements are introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical tracking and steering mechanisms of directional antenna systems with a resonant coupling system. The magnetic resonance coupling automatically maintains optimal coupling conditions without requiring mechanical adjustment, eliminating complex tracking mechanisms while preserving efficiency
3Length of stationary object
If radiative transfer methods are used, then power can be transmitted over long distances, but power is radiated away in all directions causing inefficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent concentrates the electromagnetic energy transfer in a localized near-field region through resonant coupling. The oscillating magnetic fields are confined to the space between the primary and secondary coils, creating a focused energy transfer path that prevents power from radiating away in all directions while still achieving extended transfer distance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for efficient power transfer over distances of several centimeters to meters, significantly improving efficiency and offset tolerances compared to traditional methods, with the potential to transfer power from picowatts to kilowatts, and enabling wireless charging and powering of various devices.
Implementation Method 1
uses an oscillating current passing through a primary coil, to generate an oscillating magnetic near-field that induces currents in a near-by receiving or secondary coil
Implementation Method 2
uses coupled electromagnetic resonators with long-lived oscillatory resonant modes to transfer power from a power supply to a power drain
Implementation Method 3
the energy exchange is mediated primarily by the resonant magnetic near-field
Implementation Method 4
the energy stored by the electric field is primarily confined within the structure and that the energy stored by the magnetic field is primarily in the region surrounding the resonator
Implementation Method 5
the energy stored by the magnetic field is primarily in the region surrounding the resonator
Data Source
AI summary
Described herein are improved configurations for a resonator for wireless power transfer that includes a conductor forming one or more loops and having an inductance L, a network of capacitors, having a capacitance, C, and a desired electrical parameter, coupled to the conductor, the network having at least one capacitor of a first type with a first temperature profile of the electrical parameter, and the network having at least one capacitor of a second type with a second temperature profile of the electrical parameter.