Respiration Detection Using Harmonic Wave Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biological detection systems face challenges in accurately measuring respiration due to noise interference and difficulty in distinguishing respiration signals from other frequency components.
Innovation Solution
A biological detection device that includes a signal acquirer, a filter to attenuate non-respiration frequency components, an analyzer to generate a spectrogram, a variation calculator to assess energy variations, and determiners to identify the presence of higher harmonic waves, allowing for accurate respiration rate measurement based on fundamental or harmonic frequencies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a filter is applied to attenuate non-respiration frequency components, then measurement precision of respiration is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The signal processing is divided into distinct functional modules: a filter unit that attenuates non-respiration frequency components, an analysis unit that generates spectrograms, and a determination unit that identifies respiration rates. This segmentation allows each module to handle specific aspects of signal processing independently, improving measurement precision while making the overall system more manageable despite increased complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the time-domain signal into the frequency domain by generating spectrograms. This dimensional change from time to frequency representation allows the system to effectively filter and analyze respiration components by their frequency characteristics, significantly improving measurement accuracy through frequency-based differentiation
2Reliability
If higher harmonic wave detection is implemented, then reliability of respiration detection is improved, but difficulty of detecting and measuring increases
Solution Approach 1:
The determination unit uses feedback mechanisms to iteratively analyze the spectrogram, identifying peaks and determining whether they represent fundamental frequencies or higher harmonic waves. The system compares detected frequencies against expected respiration rate ranges and adjusts its interpretation accordingly, improving reliability by continuously refining its detection based on accumulated information
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the analysis parameters by examining multiple frequency components including fundamental frequencies and higher harmonic waves. By detecting and analyzing these different parameter representations of the same respiration signal, the system improves reliability through multi-parameter verification while managing measurement difficulty through systematic parameter exploration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise measurement of respiration rates, including during apnea states, by filtering out noise and accurately identifying frequency components associated with respiration, thereby improving detection accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
a filter that attenuates a frequency component other than the respiration component included in the signal and generates a post-processing signal
Data Source
AI summary
A biological detection device includes a signal acquirer that acquires a signal including a respiration component, a filter that attenuates a frequency component other than the respiration component included in the signal and generates a post-processing signal, an analyzer that analyzes the post-processing signal to generate a spectrogram, a variation calculator that calculates variation of energy in a predetermined frequency band in energy of the frequency component indicated by the spectrogram, a first determiner that determines whether the variation is larger than a threshold, a second determiner that, if it is determined by the first determiner that the variation is not larger than the threshold, determines whether a higher harmonic wave with respect to a second peak having energy equal to or more than a predetermined ratio to a first peak where the energy is maximum is present in the predetermined frequency band, and an output unit that outputs a respiration rate based on a frequency of the first peak if it is determined by the second determiner that the higher harmonic wave is absent and outputs a respiration rate based on a fundamental frequency of the higher harmonic wave if it is determined by the second determiner that the higher harmonic wave is present.