Digital Retro-Directive Antenna Array Without Phase Calculation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing communication systems face challenges in transmitting signals back towards a transmitting source in a precise manner without measuring the direction or calculating phase differences, especially for signals with unknown frequencies and in simultaneous multisignal communication scenarios, and require antennas to be positioned on a straight plane.

Innovation Solution

A digital retro-directive method and system that uses a plurality of antennas to transmit signals back towards a transmitting source in a substantially synchronous and precise angular direction by sampling and reconstructing signal samples without measuring direction or calculating phase differences, applicable to both narrow and wideband systems.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If phased arrays are used to transmit signals back towards the transmitting source, then the signal transmission accuracy can be improved, but the device complexity increases due to the need for direction measurement and phase difference calculation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal transmission accuracyVSAvoiddirection measurement and phase calculation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies time-reversal technique where the received signal is reversed in time and transmitted back through the same antenna array. This inversion approach automatically compensates for multipath effects and channel characteristics, eliminating the need for complex direction measurement and phase difference calculation while achieving precise signal transmission back to the source

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses the received signal itself as the basis for generating the transmitted signal. By capturing the signal characteristics including phase and amplitude information from the received signal and using these same characteristics for retransmission, the system achieves automatic adaptation without requiring external direction measurement or complex processing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If antennas are positioned close to one another to improve measurement accuracy at high frequencies, then the measurement precision can be improved, but the antennas may overheat during RF signal transmission

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesource direction measurement accuracyVSAvoidantenna temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional phased array beamforming methods with digital signal processing techniques. Instead of relying on precise mechanical positioning and phase shifters that generate heat, the system uses digital time-reversal processing to achieve the same signal focusing effect, thereby eliminating the overheating problem associated with closely spaced antennas

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Device complexity

If heterodyne mixing is used to handle signals of known frequencies, then the signal processing can be simplified, but the system cannot handle simultaneous signals with unknown frequencies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal processing complexityVSAvoidcapability to handle simultaneous multisignal communication
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The time-reversal system is universally applicable to signals with any frequency characteristics. By capturing the complete time-domain signal waveform and reversing it, the system automatically adapts to different frequency content, multiple simultaneous signals, and unknown frequency spectra without requiring frequency estimation or signal classification, thereby achieving both simplicity and versatility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Measurement precision

If direction measurement is performed to determine the transmitting source location, then the signal transmission precision can be improved, but the system becomes vulnerable to accidental reflectors such as tower blocks and balconies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesource angular direction measurement accuracyVSAvoidmeasurement reliability in presence of accidental reflectors
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses feedback from the received signal to automatically adjust the transmitted signal characteristics. By capturing the actual signal path including reflections and using this feedback information for time-reversal processing, the system adapts to the real propagation environment and eliminates errors caused by accidental reflectors, achieving reliable signal transmission without direction measurement

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables simultaneous and precise transmission of signals from multiple antennas without the need for direction measurement or phase calculations, allowing for coherent reception at the transmitting source, independent of signal frequency and antenna positioning.

Implementation Method 1

a prior art method called 'heterodyning' or 'heterodyne mixing' is a phase conjugation method, according to which a signal received at each antenna is multiplied by means of a local oscillator, having a frequency which is two times of the frequency of the received signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime-reversal:

Implementation Method 2

The problem of transmitting RF signals back towards the transmitting source has been recognized in the prior art, and various systems have been developed to provide a solution, disclosing various time-reversal and phase-conjugation techniques

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase conjugation:

Data Source

PatentEP3190662B1Digital retro-directive communication system and method thereof
Publication Date: 2025.07.02 ELTA SYST LTD
  • EP3190662B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3190662B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2D
  • EP3190662B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

The present invention relates to a digital retro-directive system and method thereof for receiving incoming signals from a transmitting source by means of at least two antennas and transmitting outgoing signals back, substantially simultaneously, towards said transmitting source through said at least two antennas irrespective of the location of one antenna with respect to another and without calculating phase differences between said outgoing signals.