Retroreflector Waveguide Eyepiece for AR Light Loss

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing augmented reality display systems face challenges in achieving high efficiency and brightness due to light loss in the eyepiece units.

Innovation Solution

The integration of a retroreflector with a waveguide layer in the eyepiece unit recycles light and enhances the effective coupling efficiency of projected light, addressing the issue of light loss.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Illumination intensity

If a waveguide layer is used to guide light in augmented reality display systems, then the field of view and pupil size are improved, but light loss occurs due to insufficient coupling efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovebrightnessVSAvoidlight loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The retroreflector recovers light that would otherwise be lost by reflecting it back into the waveguide layer, allowing the light to be redirected to the user's eye. This recovers wasted light energy and converts it into useful illumination, directly addressing the light loss problem while maintaining brightness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

Solution Approach 2:

The retroreflector creates a feedback mechanism where light that misses the initial coupling is reflected back and given another chance to couple into the waveguide. This feedback loop continuously recycles light until it successfully couples, maximizing light utilization efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Illumination intensity

If the coupling efficiency of projected light into the waveguide layer is increased, then system brightness is improved, but the complexity of the eyepiece unit increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem brightnessVSAvoideyepiece unit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The retroreflector is integrated with the waveguide layer to form a unified optical assembly. By merging these components, the patent achieves improved light coupling efficiency without proportionally increasing overall system complexity, as the retroreflector and waveguide work together as a coordinated unit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The retroreflector acts as an intermediary element between the light source and the waveguide layer. It mediates the interaction by reflecting stray light back toward the waveguide, improving coupling efficiency without requiring direct modification of the waveguide structure itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution results in improved system brightness and performance by increasing the efficiency of light coupling and reducing artifacts, thereby enhancing the overall user experience in augmented reality applications.

Implementation Method 1

an incoupling diffractive optical element disposed on the incident light surface. The incoupling diffractive optical element is configured to incouple a first portion of the beam of light and to propagate the first portion of the beam of light by total internal reflection

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Implementation Method 2

The incoupling diffractive optical element is configured to incouple a first portion of the beam of light and to propagate the first portion of the beam of light by total internal reflection

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Implementation Method 3

The retroreflector is configured to retroreflect the second portion of the beam of light along a reflected direction opposite to the first direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRetroreflection: Retroreflector

Data Source

PatentEP3887887B1Methods and systems for high efficiency eyepiece in augmented reality devices
Publication Date: 2025.04.30 MAGIC LEAP INC
  • EP3887887B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3887887B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3887887B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A display system includes projection optics configured to project a beam of light in a first direction and an eyepiece unit including a first waveguide layer disposed in a first lateral plane and including an incident light surface and an opposing surface opposite the incident light surface and an incoupling diffractive optical element disposed on the incident light surface. The incoupling diffractive optical element is configured to incouple a first portion of the beam of light and to propagate the first portion of the beam of light by total internal reflection in a second direction and transmit a second portion of the beam of light along the first direction. The eyepiece also includes a retroreflector disposed adjacent the opposing surface. The retroreflector is configured to retroreflect the second portion of the beam of light along a reflected direction opposite to the first direction.