Reversible Integer-Integer Overlapped Transform for Audio Pre-Echo Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing audio compression systems face challenges with pre-echo effects due to sudden changes in audio signals, particularly when using transform coding with fixed frame sizes, which lead to quantization noise spreading across the entire block, affecting auditory quality.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a reversible integer-integer overlapped transform with variable subframe sizes, decomposing the Modulated Lapped Transform (MLT) into a combination of overlapping and block transforms, allowing for adaptive window sizes to reduce pre-echo and improve coding efficiency and quality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If fixed frame sizes are used in transform coding, then coding efficiency is improved, but pre-echo effects occur due to quantization noise spreading across the entire block

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoding efficiencyVSAvoidpre-echo effects
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the audio signal into variable-sized subframes rather than using fixed frame sizes. This segmentation allows different portions of the audio to be processed with appropriate resolutions, preventing quantization noise from spreading across entire blocks and causing pre-echo effects while maintaining coding efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements variable subframe sizes that adapt to the audio signal characteristics. By dynamically adjusting frame sizes based on the audio content, the system optimizes the balance between coding efficiency and preventing pre-echo effects, allowing larger frames for stable regions and smaller frames for transient passages.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Object-affected harmful factors

If overlapping transforms are used to reduce blocking artifacts, then auditory quality is improved, but device complexity increases due to variable window frame sizes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblocking artifactsVSAvoidvariable window frame sizes
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the transform process into manageable components with variable window sizes that overlap to reduce blocking artifacts. By dividing the audio into overlapping subframes with appropriate windowing, the system reduces quantization discontinuities at block boundaries while maintaining implementation feasibility through systematic segmentation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the window size parameter dynamically to optimize the balance between reducing blocking artifacts and managing computational complexity. By adjusting window dimensions based on signal characteristics, the system achieves effective artifact reduction without excessive computational burden.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If larger windows are used in transform coding, then coding efficiency is improved, but time resolution deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoding efficiencyVSAvoidtime resolution
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically adjusts window sizes based on the audio signal characteristics and processing requirements. For stationary regions, larger windows provide better coding efficiency, while for transient passages, smaller windows maintain time resolution. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction between efficiency and resolution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies different window sizes to different portions of the audio signal based on their local characteristics. By tailoring the window dimensions to the specific requirements of each segment, the system optimizes both coding efficiency and time resolution where needed, rather than using a uniform approach throughout.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP2279562B1Factorization of overlapping transforms into two block transforms
Publication Date: 2015.12.16 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP2279562B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2279562B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2279562B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An audio encoder/decoder uses a combination of an overlap windowing transform and block transform that have reversible implementations to provide a reversible, integer-integer form of a lapped transform. The reversible lapped transform permits both lossy and lossless transform domain coding of an audio signal having variable subframe sizes.