Calibrating High Power RF Amplifiers for Coherent Microwave Heating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional microwave ovens with magnetron-based sources suffer from non-uniform heating due to non-coherent and non-tunable microwave radiation, leading to inefficiencies in cooking processes, and existing calibration methods are cumbersome and require manual intervention.

Innovation Solution

A method for calibrating multiple high-power RF amplifiers in a microwave oven that involves selecting frequencies, phases, and power levels to generate coherent electromagnetic radiation patterns, with a controller processing forward and backward power measurements to encode calibrated signals into non-volatile memory for precise cooking control.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a magnetron-based microwave source is used, then the microwave oven can generate microwave frequency radiation, but the heating becomes non-uniform due to non-coherent and non-tunable radiation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating uniformityVSAvoidcoherence of microwave radiation
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the single magnetron source into multiple separate RF amplifiers (at least two) that can be independently controlled. Each amplifier is coupled to a separate waveguide, allowing individual control of frequency, phase, and power for each RF feed, enabling coherent and tunable microwave radiation patterns that achieve uniform heating throughout the cooking cavity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If manual calibration methods are used, then the microwave oven can be calibrated, but the process becomes cumbersome and requires manual intervention

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration accuracyVSAvoidcalibration operation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-calibration functionality where the microwave oven automatically performs calibration procedures without manual intervention. The system uses built-in detectors to measure forward and backward power, processes these measurements through a controller, and automatically determines calibration coefficients that are stored in non-volatile memory, eliminating the need for manual calibration while maintaining high accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Temperature

If multiple RF amplifiers are used with independent control, then coherent and tunable microwave radiation can be generated for uniform heating, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating uniformityVSAvoidnumber of RF amplifiers and control mechanisms
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs each RF amplifier module to perform multiple functions: generating RF radiation, measuring forward power, measuring backward power, and providing tunable frequency control. The system uses a single controller to manage all amplifiers and calibration operations, reducing overall system complexity despite having multiple amplifiers. The amplifiers are designed with integrated measuring components, eliminating the need for separate measurement devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables uniform and efficient heating by maintaining coherence in electromagnetic radiation within the cooking cavity, improving cooking precision and reducing the need for manual calibration, thus enhancing the overall efficiency and accuracy of the microwave oven's cooking process.

Implementation Method 1

A conventional microwave oven cooks food by a process of dielectric heating in which a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field is distributed throughout an enclosed cavity. A sub-band of the radio frequency spectrum, microwave frequencies at or around 2.45 GHz cause dielectric heating primarily by absorption of energy in water.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDielectric heating: Dielectric Heating

Implementation Method 2

solid-state sources can be included in microwave ovens which are tunable and coherent

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

a measuring component that outputs a digital signal indicative of radio frequency power detected at the amplifying component

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPower detection:

Data Source

PatentEP3266281B1Method of calibrating a high power amplifier for a radio frequency power measurement system
Publication Date: 2021.04.21 WHIRLPOOL CORP
  • EP3266281B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3266281B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3266281B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for calibrating a set of devices, each device comprising an amplifying component and a measuring component that outputs a digital signal indicative of radio frequency power detected at the amplifying component, includes selecting a frequency from a set of frequencies; selecting a phase value from a set of phase values; selecting a power level from a set of power levels; setting a subset of the set of devices to output signal of the selected frequency, the selected phase value and the selected power level; measuring a forward power level and a backward power level; processing the measurements of the forward and backward power levels to calibrate the digital signal output from the measuring component of each of the set of devices; and encoding the calibrated digital signal output into non-volatile memory.