RF Power Amplifier Compensation Circuit for Linearity Without DC Loss

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Solution Overview

Problem

Radio frequency power amplifiers in wireless communications devices face a negative correlation between linearity and power efficiency, leading to signal distortion and spectral leakage, which existing methods struggle to address effectively without increasing size, cost, or degrading performance.

Innovation Solution

A compensation circuit using non-linear capacitance of a diode under different bias conditions is connected between the base and collector of a bipolar junction transistor to neutralize variations in base-collector capacitance, comprising an inductor, capacitor, and diode with a common node, which does not consume additional direct-current power and can be easily integrated with the main amplification circuit.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If linearization technology is applied to improve linearity of radio frequency power amplifier, then linearity is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovelinearityVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The compensation circuit is integrated directly into the common emitter amplifier structure by connecting the diode between the base and collector nodes. This merging approach allows the linearization function to be combined with the amplification function in a single unified circuit, improving linearity without adding separate complex linearization modules.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

A diode is introduced as an intermediary element to compensate for the non-linear capacitance variation of the transistor. The diode's non-linear capacitance characteristics act as a mediator that counteracts the transistor's capacitance variation, thereby improving linearity through a simple passive component rather than complex active control circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Manufacturing precision

If conventional linearization methods are used, then linearity is improved, but power efficiency is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovelinearityVSAvoidpower efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and compensates only for the specific non-linear factor (base-collector capacitance variation) that degrades linearity, rather than applying comprehensive linearization that would affect the entire amplifier operation. This selective approach improves linearity by addressing the root cause without introducing additional power consumption from extensive linearization circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Manufacturing precision

If circuit design is improved to enhance linearity, then linearity is improved, but device size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovelinearityVSAvoidcircuit area
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The compensation is applied locally at the critical base-collector capacitance interface by placing the diode directly between these nodes. This localized approach targets the specific source of non-linearity without requiring global circuit modifications, thereby improving linearity with minimal additional circuit area.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Manufacturing precision

If existing linearization technologies are implemented, then linearity is improved, but cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovelinearityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention uses a simple diode, which is a low-cost passive component, to achieve linearization compensation. This replaces expensive complex linearization circuits with an inexpensive diode that can be easily manufactured and integrated, significantly reducing the cost of improving linearity while maintaining effective compensation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution improves the linearity of radio frequency power amplifiers by neutralizing capacitance variations caused by radio frequency signals, enhancing the amplifier's performance without affecting other characteristics and allowing for high adjustability, thus reducing signal distortion and spectral leakage.

Implementation Method 1

uses non-linear capacitance of a diode under different bias conditions to neutralize an impact of a variation in capacitance between the base and the collector of the transistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNon-linear capacitance: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP3396857B1Method for improving linearity of radio frequency power amplifier, compensation circuit and communication terminal
Publication Date: 2021.04.14 SHANGHAI VANCHIP ELECTRONICS TECH CO LTD
  • EP3396857B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2(b)
  • EP3396857B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3396857B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A method for improving the linearity of a radio frequency power amplifier, a compensation circuit (307) for implementing the method, and a communications terminal with the compensation circuit (307). In the method, a compensation circuit (307) is connected between a base (a3) and a collector (b3) of a transistor of a common emitter amplifier (306), in order to neutralize the impact of a variation in capacitance between the base (a3) and the collector (b3) of the transistor (306) according to a radio frequency signal. No additional direct-current power consumption is needed, and degradation in performance of other radio frequency power amplifiers can be avoided. The corresponding compensation circuit (307) can be easily integrated with a main amplification circuit, without affecting other performance of the main amplification circuit, and provides high adjustability.