RF Amplifier Supply Switching for Multi-Mode MRI Power Efficiency

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current RF amplifiers in MRI systems are optimized for a single operation mode, making it inefficient to switch between different peak power requirements, especially in applications like amide proton transfer (APT) sequences where rapid mode switching is necessary, due to limitations in capacitor bank capacitance and DC power supply reaction time.

Innovation Solution

Integrating multiple power supply devices with different voltages and using a fast solid-state switch to adapt the drain voltage of the RF amplifier, allowing efficient operation at both high and low peak powers by compensating voltage drops with a capacitor bank and managing parameters via a controller based on RF sequence demands.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If a single operation mode is used to optimize amplifier performance, then efficiency is improved for that specific mode, but the amplifier cannot efficiently handle other power requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower efficiencyVSAvoidoperation mode flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic switching between multiple power supply voltages (e.g., 50V for high power mode, 25V for low power mode) based on real-time operational demands. This allows the amplifier to adapt its drain voltage to match the required power level, maintaining high efficiency across different operation modes rather than being locked into a single optimized state

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the electrical parameter (drain voltage) of the amplifier by switching between different power supply voltages. This parameter change enables the amplifier to operate efficiently at different power levels - using higher voltage for high power modes and lower voltage for low power modes, thus resolving the contradiction between single-mode optimization and multi-mode versatility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of energy

If DC power supply voltage is changed to optimize efficiency for different power levels, then power efficiency is improved, but switching time becomes too slow for rapid mode changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower efficiencyVSAvoidswitching speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple power supply devices are pre-configured with different voltage levels (e.g., 50V and 25V) before operation begins. When mode switching is required, the system simply selects from these pre-prepared voltage sources rather than generating the voltage change in real-time, enabling rapid switching while maintaining efficiency optimization

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces switching devices (such as solid-state switches or RF switches) as intermediaries between the multiple power supply devices and the amplifier. These switches enable rapid voltage selection by providing a fast switching mechanism that decouples the slow voltage generation process from the fast switching requirement, allowing mode changes within milliseconds

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Duration of action of moving object

If high power is delivered for extended periods, then continuous application requirements are met, but voltage drop becomes too large to maintain desired RF pulse envelope

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontinuous operation durationVSAvoidRF pulse envelope precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

Capacitor banks are pre-charged to the appropriate voltage levels before high-power RF pulses are generated. This preliminary energy storage ensures that when the pulse is generated, the full voltage is available immediately, preventing voltage drop during the pulse duration and maintaining the desired RF pulse envelope precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The capacitor banks act as energy buffers that compensate for voltage drops during high-power operation. By storing energy in advance, they provide a cushion that maintains stable voltage delivery during extended continuous operation, ensuring the RF pulse envelope remains precise even under heavy load conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables rapid and efficient switching between operation modes, achieving high power efficiency and supporting diverse MRI applications by optimizing voltage settings in real-time, even during short-time high-power demands.

Implementation Method 1

the at least one capacitor bank is connected to a conductor path between the power supply device and the RF amplifier. In order to compensate a voltage drop at the time of the operation of the amplifier, the capacitor bank supplies power to the amplifier as needed.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

using a fast solid-state switch to adapt the drain voltage of the RF amplifier

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical switching:

Data Source

PatentEP3752845B1RF transmit system with switchable power supply device
Publication Date: 2024.02.07 KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS NV
  • EP3752845B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3752845B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The present invention is directed to a RF transmit system (1) for a magnetic resonance examination system where it is intended to provide a solution for the problem of rapidly switching between operation modes of different peak power requirements at good power efficiencies. For this purpose the RF transmit system (1) comprises at least one RF channel (14) wherein the RF channel (14) has an RF amplifier (3), at least two power supply devices (4, 5) wherein each of the power supply devices (4, 5) is configured to supply a voltage to the amplifier (3). The RF transmit system (1) further comprises a DC switch (8) configured to switch the voltage supplied to the amplifier (3) between the power supply devices (4, 5) and a controller (2) configured to switch the voltage based on sensor data.