Power Amplifier Switch-On Ramps to Limit Spurious Emissions

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power amplifiers used in RF applications experience sharp rising and falling edges during ON/OFF transitions, leading to spurious emissions outside the desired frequency range, which are not effectively mitigated by existing technologies.

Innovation Solution

A control unit is integrated with the power amplifier to gradually increase or decrease the gain during switch-on and switch-off transitions, using ramp profiles to smoothly switch the amplifier on and off, thereby reducing spurious emissions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If the power amplifier is switched on/off abruptly to enable fast switching, then the switching speed is improved, but spurious emissions increase due to sharp rising and falling edges

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidspurious emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the gain parameter time-dependent during switching transitions. Instead of abrupt on/off switching, the gain is dynamically adjusted through ramp profiles that gradually increase or decrease over time. This dynamic adjustment smooths the transitions, reducing spectral regrowth and spurious emissions while maintaining acceptable switching speed performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the gain parameter during switching transitions using predefined ramp profiles. The gain is gradually modified from its initial value to the target value over a specified transition time, rather than changing instantaneously. This parameter change approach directly addresses the contradiction by trading off some switching speed for reduced spurious emissions through controlled gain evolution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-generated harmful factors

If the gain is gradually changed during switching transitions, then spurious emissions are reduced, but the switching time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespurious emissionsVSAvoidswitching time
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by implementing gradual gain changes only during the critical transition periods when switching occurs, rather than continuously modifying the gain during normal operation. The ramp profiles are used selectively during on/off transitions, allowing fast switching when not transitioning while still reducing spurious emissions during the actual switching events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses periodic ramp profiles with different characteristics for turn-on and turn-off transitions. By defining specific ramp profiles for different switching scenarios and applying them periodically as needed, the system achieves reduced spurious emissions during transitions while maintaining overall switching efficiency through optimized profile selection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Productivity

If abrupt switching is used to maintain fast response, then the productivity is improved, but the output signal quality deteriorates due to spectral regrowth

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching efficiencyVSAvoidoutput signal quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs feedback mechanisms to monitor and adjust the gain during transitions. By implementing closed-loop control that responds to the actual amplifier state and transition progress, the system optimizes the ramp profiles in real-time, ensuring both fast switching performance and high output signal quality with minimal spectral regrowth.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS10312878B2Method of switching on and off a power amplifier, related power amplifier circuit, system and computer program product
Publication Date: 2019.06.04 STMICROELECTRONICS SRL
  • US10312878B2 patent drawing
  • US10312878B2 patent drawing
  • US10312878B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Systems and methods for switching on and off a power amplifier including a signal input receiving an input signal and a signal output providing an output signal. The power amplifier includes a control input receiving a gain control signal indicating a requested gain and a control input receiving a mute control signal indicating whether the signal output should be switched on or switched off. A control unit determines whether the signal output of the power amplifier should be switched on and/or off, and if switched on receives data identifying a switch-on ramp and if switched off receives data identifying a switch-off ramp. The control unit generates the mute control signal to switch on the signal output of the power amplifier on or off, and generates the gain control signal as a function of the data identifying the switch-on or switch-off ramp to thereby increase or decrease the gain control signal.