Apparatus and methods for defrosting operations in an RF heating system

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional capacitive food defrosting systems face inefficiencies due to dynamic changes in food load impedance during the defrosting process, leading to incomplete defrosting or over-cooking, and inaccuracies in determining the optimal cessation time based on weight measurements.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that use RF energy to monitor the ratio of reflected to forward power measurements, adjusting the impedance matching network and extending the RF signal delivery when the rate of change transitions from high to low, ensuring precise defrosting by maintaining optimal energy absorption and determining the additional time or energy required to reach a desired temperature.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional capacitive defrosting systems use fixed-duration timing based on weight, then the operation is simple to control, but the defrosting precision is poor due to dynamic impedance changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefrosting completion detection accuracyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously monitors the ratio of reflected to forward RF power during defrosting operations. When this ratio indicates that the rate of change has transitioned from high to low, the system automatically determines that defrosting is complete and extends the operation for an additional predetermined time period. This feedback mechanism replaces simple weight-based timing with real-time electrical parameter monitoring, achieving precise defrosting detection without requiring complex additional hardware.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If the defrosting operation duration is extended to ensure complete defrosting, then defrosting completeness is improved, but energy consumption increases and over-cooking risk arises

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefrosting completenessVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses real-time monitoring of reflected to forward power ratio to detect when the defrosting process is complete. By identifying the transition point where the rate of change shifts from high to low, the system can precisely terminate the defrosting operation, avoiding both incomplete defrosting and excessive energy consumption. The additional predetermined time period ensures completeness while minimizing energy waste.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system monitors changes in electrical parameters (reflected to forward power ratio) during the defrosting process. By detecting the specific parameter transition that indicates defrosting completion, the system can dynamically adjust the operation duration to match the actual defrosting needs, thereby optimizing energy consumption while ensuring reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Use of energy by moving object

If the defrosting operation is terminated early to save energy, then energy efficiency is improved, but defrosting completeness deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoiddefrosting completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously monitors the reflected to forward power ratio to detect the exact moment when defrosting is complete. This real-time feedback allows the system to terminate the operation at the optimal point, ensuring both energy efficiency and defrosting completeness. The additional predetermined time period provides a safety margin to guarantee completeness while minimizing energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Ease of operation

If conventional systems rely on weight-based timing, then the control method is simple, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to impedance variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol simplicityVSAvoiddefrosting status detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces weight-based mechanical timing with electrical parameter monitoring. By measuring the ratio of reflected to forward RF power, the system can detect defrosting completion without relying on mechanical scales or time-based estimations. This substitution maintains operational simplicity while dramatically improving measurement accuracy, as the electrical parameters directly reflect the physical state of the food during defrosting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach ensures precise and efficient defrosting by maintaining optimal energy absorption and accurately determining the completion of the defrosting process, preventing over-cooking and ensuring the food reaches a desired temperature, such as a tempered state between -4 and 0 degrees Celsius.

Implementation Method 1

providing, by a radio frequency (RF) signal source, an RF signal to a load through an electrode that is proximate to a cavity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRF heating: Dielectric Heating

Implementation Method 2

repeatedly determining a forward RF power measurement and a reflected RF power measurement and calculating a ratio between the reflected RF power measurement and the forward RF power measurement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRF power reflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3481148B1Apparatus and methods for defrosting operations in an RF heating system
Publication Date: 2021.07.28 NXP USA INC
  • EP3481148B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3481148B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3481148B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A system and method for defrosting or heating are presented. A radio frequency (RF) signal source provides, through a transmission path, an RF signal to an electrode that is proximate to a cavity of a defrosting system. A rate of change of a ratio of a reflected RF power measurement and a forward RF power measurement along the transmission path is determined to have transitioned from a relatively high value to a relatively low value. At a point in time when the determination is made, the RF signal is provided to the electrode for an additional time duration beyond the point in time, and provision of the RF signal to the electrode is ceased when the additional time duration has expired.